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                <identifier>oai:data.mendeley.com/tn5jjddh5j.1</identifier>
                <datestamp>2025-02-25T08:07:28Z</datestamp>
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            <metadata><oai_dc:dc xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <dc:creator>Usman, Khurram </dc:creator>
    <dc:title>Ukraine from offensive to defensive</dc:title>
    <dc:publisher>Mendeley Data</dc:publisher>
    <dc:description>Abstract: Russia and Ukraine have been fighting along a 640-mile frontline for the last 
three years of war, and Russia has captured over 112,000 square kilometres of 
Ukrainian territory through a frozen conflict. Ukraine has been failed either to take back 
its territory or halt the tempo of Russian war machine despite tremendous Western 
economic and military support. President Zelenskky can be required to pay hundreds of 
billions of dollars in war reparations to the White House via a critical mining agreement
when Russia has just captured a coal mining town in Toretsk. The conflict evolved into a 
natural resources war for controlling mines and minerals in Ukraine and the strategic 
location of the Black Sea. Russia&apos;s war machine is now relentlessly operating on the 
eastern and southern fronts of Ukraine, but this conflict has evolved into a horizontal
proliferation and prevails over diplomatic and military relationships among the 
countries.

Introduction
Warfare, a practice steeped in history, has evolved into a profoundly costly and intricate
endeavour in modern era, leading to the tragic loss of invaluable human 
lives and the destruction of public, private and military infrastructure. It drains vital 
national financial resources intended for military advancement, depletes geological 
resources like crude oil for flying warplanes and diesel for running tanks, trucks, and 
railways, disrupts trade relationships between the warring nations and erodes the 
cultural and diplomatic ties that previously flourished.
On 24th February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine, and the NATO alliance came under 
severe stress to offer military, financial, and structural aid to Ukraine. As the Russia-Ukraine war has now entered third year. Both sides suffered hundreds of thousands of 
casualties and lost valuable military equipment.
This conflict evolved into a contemporary theatre of drone warfare. Additionally, many 
Ukrainians and some military experts raise hopes that the Biden administration&apos;s 
decision to allow Ukraine to use long-range ATACMS inside Russia would change the 
battlefield dynamics. However, the ground realities still remained harsh and 
unfavourable for Ukrainians. This essay will talk about the recent developments on 
different fronts of the war in Ukraine and shed light on the latest Russian military gains. 
It will also look at whether the use of long-range ATACMS against military targets on the 
mainland has slowed down the Russian offensives and stopped their small gains in 
strategic heights of Chasiv Yar and the surrounding Pokrovsk. Finally, it will ask why 
Ukraine can&apos;t join NATO soon and whether peace negotiations in Riyadh would facilitate 
Ukraine&apos;s swap of the held salient in the Kursk Oblast for a portion of the over 112,000 
square kilometres of Ukrainian territory under Russian control. 
</dc:description>
    <dc:subject>Coal</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Air Defense System</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Eastern Europe</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Russia</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>United Kingdom</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Rocket</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Germany</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Political Conflict</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Military Campaign</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>North Korea</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Ukraine</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>France</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Black Sea</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Military Mission</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Drone (Aircraft)</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>World War I</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Military</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Defense Policy</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Warfare</dc:subject>
    <dc:type>Dataset</dc:type>
    <dc:identifier>doi:10.17632/tn5jjddh5j.1</dc:identifier>
    <dc:identifier>oai:data.mendeley.com/tn5jjddh5j.1</dc:identifier>
    <dc:rights>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</dc:rights>
    <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
    <dc:relation>https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/tn5jjddh5j</dc:relation>
    <dc:date>2025-02-25T08:07:28Z</dc:date>
</oai_dc:dc></metadata>
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