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                <identifier>oai:data.mendeley.com/ywpvkxnt2z.2</identifier>
                <datestamp>2026-03-11T11:40:57Z</datestamp>
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            <metadata><oai_dc:dc xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <dc:creator id="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3922-934X">ulutaş, hasan</dc:creator>
    <dc:title>Multimodal Spirometry Dataset for Quality Assessment: Tabular Parameters and Flow-Volume Loop Images</dc:title>
    <dc:publisher>Mendeley Data</dc:publisher>
    <dc:description>This dataset accompanies the study titled &quot;Explainable Machine Learning for Quality Assessment of Spirometry Tests: A Multimodal Framework.&quot; It comprises 2,768 spirometry records collected retrospectively from a tertiary care hospital (Yozgat Bozok University, Turkey) between January 2020 and October 2024.
Dataset Structure
The dataset consists of two components linked by a unique patient identifier (Id):

spirometry_tabular_data.csv — A structured tabular file containing 2,768 records with 44 columns. The first column (Id) serves as the unique patient identifier that maps each row to its corresponding flow-volume loop image. The remaining columns include demographic parameters (Gender, Age, Height, Weight), environmental variables (Temperature, Barometric Pressure), spirometric measurements (FEV1, FVC, FEF25-75%, PEF, FET100%, FIVC, FIV1, FEF/FIF50, Vol Extrap) with their PRED, BEST, and %PRED values, and a binary target label (class: 1 = adequate, 0 = inadequate).
flow_volume_loop_images/ — A folder containing 2,768 PNG images of flow-volume loops. Each image is named as {Id}.png (e.g., 1.png, 100.png, 2336.png), directly corresponding to the Id column in the tabular file.

Linkage: The Id column in the CSV file and the image filenames establish a one-to-one mapping between tabular records and flow-volume loop images.
Annotations: The acceptability of spirometric maneuvers (adequate/inadequate) was labeled by expert physicians according to ATS/ERS 2005 guidelines and updated technical recommendations by Stanojevic et al.
Class Distribution: Approximately balanced — 52.9% adequate (class 1, n=1,464) and 47.1% inadequate (class 0, n=1,304).
Missing Data: The data quality score is 70.6%, with notable missing rates in certain features (e.g., FEV1, FVC, and FEF values exceeding 90% missingness in some subsets). Missing values are encoded as &quot;Na&quot; in the CSV file.
Usage: This dataset was used to train and evaluate multiple classification models including tree-based ensemble methods for tabular data, an EfficientNet-B2-based deep learning model for image data, and a late fusion architecture integrating both modalities. Explainability analyses were conducted using SHAP, LIME, and Grad-CAM.
Ethical Approval: Protocol No: 2024-GOKAEK-248_18.09.2024_148, Ethics Committee of Yozgat Bozok University.
Associated Article: This dataset is associated with a manuscript currently under review. The full citation and DOI of the related article will be added upon publication.</dc:description>
    <dc:subject>Artificial Intelligence</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Medical Informatics</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Respiratory System</dc:subject>
    <dc:subject>Clinical Decision Support System</dc:subject>
    <dc:contributor id="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-9958">kızılkaya, hafize</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>aydın, cihan</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor id="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7729-990X">şahin, muhammet emin</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor id="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-0280">korkmaz, murat</dc:contributor>
    <dc:type>Dataset</dc:type>
    <dc:identifier>doi:10.17632/ywpvkxnt2z.2</dc:identifier>
    <dc:identifier>oai:data.mendeley.com/ywpvkxnt2z.2</dc:identifier>
    <dc:rights>Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</dc:rights>
    <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
    <dc:relation>https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/ywpvkxnt2z</dc:relation>
    <dc:date>2026-03-11T11:40:57Z</dc:date>
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