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This code is used to generate dynamic path planning for avoiding dynamic obstacles. The results show how much efficiency and stability it is.

We identify the liquidity channel through which Federal Reserve quantitative easing (QE) and quantitative tightening (QT) affect capital flows to emerging markets. Using weekly data on the Fed's purchases and sales of long-term U.S. Treasury securities, we find that large purchases lead to a significant increase in capital flows to emerging markets, and that sales have the reverse effect. We then show that QE lowers, and QT raises, the convenience yield on U.S. Treasuries, measured by covered interest parity deviations, and that the induced changes in the convenience yield drive the capital flow responses. Our model based on liquidity rationalizes these findings: QE shifts publicly held government debt toward more liquid assets, providing investors a greater buffer against the risk of low consumption. Better insured through liquid asset holdings, investors are willing to increase illiquid investments, including lending to emerging markets.

Figure 1: 4-mm, pink keratotic papule on the dorsal right wrist. Figure 2: Brown-pigmented, septate hyphae surrounded by granulomatous inflammation, characteristic of phaeohyphomycosis.

Raw survey response data (n=212) collected via offline self-administered questionnaire from adult residents of Delhi-NCR, India. Data support a PLS-SEM study of household participation intention toward a Circular Medicine Return System (CMRS). All responses are anonymised.

Abstract The alteration of oceanic crust by seawater is a critical sink in the global nitrogen (N) cycle, yet the mechanisms and timescales of N enrichment remain poorly constrained. We present N concentrations and isotope compositions from a 192-meter drill core (SE-02b) retrieved from the then 50-year-old Surtsey Island in Iceland, a pristine analog for rapid alteration of young oceanic basalt. The altered basaltic tuffs show significant N enrichment (average 11 ± 8 μg/g), relative to unaltered Icelandic basalt glasses (0.028 ± 0.026 μg/g), matching the global average for altered oceanic crust (11 μg/g; ranging in ages from 5-170 Ma). Nitrogen isotope compositions (δ15Nair = -1.7 ± 4.6‰) are primarily consistent with incorporation of seawater- and meteoric-derived ammonium (NH4+), more likely into secondary K-minerals, palagonitized glass and smectites throughout the core. To a lesser extent, N could be incorporated into Na/Ca-minerals such as analcime in the meteoric water altered zone and sulphates such as anhydrite and gypsum when present. Incorporation of NH4+ into secondary phases occurs with little isotope fractionation consistent with equilibrium fractionation between clay and aqueous NH4+. We demonstrate that seawater-rock interaction alone can produce the ubiquitous background N enrichment of the oceanic crust without the addition of remobilized N from sedimentary sources. Such magnitude of enrichment is also observed via meteoric water alteration. Localized high enrichments in N in areas of enhanced fluid flow at core SE-02b with exceptionally low δ15N values (as low as -20.1‰), are attributed to abiotic reduction of dissolved N2 under anoxic conditions and/or microbial activity. We propose that N incorporation into the oceanic crust can occur very efficiently and at very rapid rates in the order of years to a few decades, but becomes inefficient over geological timescales, with major implications for N transfer in subduction zones, N exchange between the oceanic crust, seawater and the atmosphere and for planetary habitability.

Supplemental figures and tables associated with the article "Impact of pulsed electric field technology on whey protein isolate" in Journal of Dairy Science.

Supplementary Materials

This dataset contains the computational code and the computed outputs needed to reproduce all figures and tables of the manuscript "Kinetic locking of dissipation in viscous aerosols: a frenesy reading of a reacto-diffusive transition" (S. Kaneko). It shares its theoretical framework with the companion paper "When can maximum entropy production select a branch? Frenesy, quasi-potentials, and closure conditions" (Zenodo: 10.5281/zenodo.20754422). The material is organised in three parts. (1) Minimal-model exact diagonalization: a one-dimensional kinetically constrained Fredrickson-Andersen configurational dynamics coupled to a gated two-channel driven reaction, treated at small system size by dense exact diagonalization. It computes the reaction entropy-production rate sigma(c) and its linearity in mobility (the gating identity sigma proportional to c), together with the activity order parameter and its activity-tilted structure theta(s) (main-text Fig. 2); the dynamic-hysteresis loop and its area versus sweep time, obtained by integrating the master equation under a mobility sweep (main-text Fig. 4); and the metastable slow mode 1/|lambda_2| and low-lying relaxation spectrum (Fig. S4). (2) DMRG of the symmetrized, epsilon-regularized model, for both the Fredrickson-Andersen and East facilitation rules. It computes the slope diagnostic m(c) = Delta_C / Delta_Sigma and its crossing of 1/2 at c* ~ 0.147 (main-text Fig. 3); and the activity jump Delta_a, the peak susceptibility chi_peak/N, and the (N, epsilon) convergence grid that establishes the first-order active-inactive coexistence (Figs. S3, S5; Tables S2-S4). (3) Kinetic locking line: the water-plasticized viscosity parameterization for alpha-pinene SOA propagated to matrix self-diffusivity by (fractional) Stokes-Einstein, and the supply-limited locking condition D_org(RH,T) = R^2/tau_react solved in the relative-humidity-temperature plane (Figs. 1, S1, S2; Table S1). The deposit includes the figure-generation scripts and the intermediate numerical outputs (JSON) from which the published figures are rendered. Per-file descriptions and exact per-figure commands are listed in README.md. No experimental data were collected: all physical inputs are independently published material parameters cited in the manuscript.

This dataset contains clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic data collected from 100 adult patients previously hospitalized due to moderate-to-severe COVID-19 infection. Data were prospectively acquired at a second-level care hospital in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. The dataset includes demographic and anthropometric variables, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, lifestyle-related information, COVID-19 vaccination history, routine blood test results, standard 12-lead electrocardiographic parameters, signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) measurements, and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics. Electrocardiographic variables include rhythm classification, wave and interval duration measurements, electrical axis parameters, and voltage amplitudes. SAECG data include ventricular late potential indicators and associated measurements, while HRV data are provided as continuous time-domain and frequency-domain variables. The dataset is distributed as a structured CSV file with anonymized patient identifiers and no personally identifiable information. It also includes a supplementary spreadsheet containing a data overview with variable names, descriptions, measurement units, and data types. These data may be reused for cardiovascular risk assessment, statistical analyses, biomedical signal processing, and machine learning applications in post-COVID populations.

Reproducibility deposit for the manuscript "Frenetic Accessibility as a Cloud-Regime Transition Diagnostic." Contains the Python analysis and figure-generation code, intermediate .npz caches (coarse-grained regime-label time series and per-region transition summaries for four months), machine-readable toy-model output tables, and a frozen, checksummed manifest pinning the exact public ISCCP-Basic HGG satellite granules used (992 granules, 3.02 GB; the raw NetCDF is not included). The caches reproduce the toy-model results and the satellite cross-regime, obstruction, and overdispersion analyses without the multi-gigabyte download. The satellite input is the NOAA ISCCP-Basic H-Series Climate Data Record, obtained anonymously from the NOAA Open Data Dissemination S3 bucket noaa-cdr-cloud-properties-isccp-pds. See README.md for per-script documentation, region boxes, and download instructions; SHA256SUMS.txt lists checksums for every file.