Early Enteral Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Intestinal Anastomosis
Description
A prospective longitudinal study of 54 patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis and were started on early enteral nutrition at the University Hospital of the Central University of Venezuela (November 2022 to September 2023), all of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Taking as early enteral nutrition two study groups: GROUP 1 tolerance at 24 hours and GROUP 2. Tolerance at 48 hours. Hospital stay and complications were evaluated. Of the 54 patients 40(74.1%) were operated on in emergency surgery 46(85.2%) patients were male. There was no difference in the mean ages of the two diet groups (P=0.254), the mean age was 33.9/14.8 years. There was no statistically significant difference (P=0.086) in the mean number of days of hospitalization (4.7/2.4 days) between patients according to the type of diet. Vomiting occurred in 20.37%, with no statistically significant differences between the groups of patients with diet 1 and 2. There were 2 (3.7%) cases of leakage that required reintervention, and this complication was not associated with the initiation of a particular type of diet, type of surgery, surgical time or site of injury. Early enteral nutrition is a viable option in patients undergoing intestinal anastomosis, is not associated with the incidence of dehiscence, is well tolerated by the patients, has acceptable complications, most frequently associated with vomiting, and reduces hospital stay.
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METHODOLOGY Type of research A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted Population and sample Population: It was represented by all patients who were admitted to the General Surgery Service of the CARACAS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL COMPLEX during the months of November 2022 to September 2023 and who underwent intestinal anastomosis. Sample:It was represented by 54 patients with intestinal anastomosis who started early enteral diet. Inclusion criteria • All patients with anastomoses performed at our Center, both emergency and elective surgeries. • Patients over 12 years old Exclusion criteria • Patients under 12 years of age. • Patients with severe head trauma • Patients admitted to the intensive care unit • Patients operated on at other centers. Data collection Data were collected using a form (Annex 1) where patients were distributed into two groups according to early tolerance of the diet. GROUP 1 tolerated the diet at 24 hours. GROUP 2 tolerated the diet at 48 hours. See Annex 1. Statistical analysis The data were processed in the SPSS 21.0 program. Frequency and percentage of categorical variables were calculated. Mean, deviation and range of continuous variables were calculated. The KS test was used to determine the normality of the data, the ANOVA test was used to compare the means of continuous variables and the CHI2 test was used to compare percentages. Statistical validity was set at P < 0.05.