Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit: A retrospective study
Description
The dataset for this research study comprises retrospective data collected from Electronic Health Records (EHR) of patients admitted to the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU) at Children's Medical Center hospital in Tehran, Iran. The study period spans from March 2018 to March 2022. The PCICU primarily serves critically-ill patients with primary or secondary cardiac disease, excluding immediately post-operative patients who are cared for in a separate unit. To minimize bias, only data from the first admission episode were included in the analysis. The study design adhered to ethical guidelines and received approval from the TUMS research ethics committee (Ethical code IR.TUMS.CHMC.REC.1400.027). Exclusion criteria were applied to filter the dataset, excluding patients aged ≤30 days or ≥18 years, those with a duration of admission less than three days, incomplete records for diagnosing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, and individuals with known underlying renal disease or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The dataset consists of 253 randomly selected patients who were further analyzed. Among these patients, a subset did not meet the criteria for AKI according to KDIGO criteria and served as controls. The patients were followed up until discharge or death, and various variables were recorded for analysis. The recorded variables include basic demographic information (age, sex, weight), the type of congenital heart disease, fluid limitation, administration of specific drugs (furosemide, vancomycin, aminoglycoside), use of mechanical ventilation, and the occurrence of angiography during the admission. Outcome variables, such as in-hospital mortality, ICU length of stay (LOS), and the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), were also documented. The classification of heart disease includes three subgroups: cyanotic heart disease (e.g., Tetralogy of Fallot, Pulmonary Atresia), acyanotic heart disease (e.g., Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect), and non-structural heart disease (e.g., myocarditis, Cardiomyopathy). The fluid maintenance needs were calculated based on the Holliday-Segar method, and patients who did not receive the calculated daily fluid maintenance were categorized in the limited fluid intake group. The administration of furosemide, aminoglycoside, and vancomycin was considered relevant to the AKI group only if it occurred within seven days prior to the development of AKI. Angiographic data from patients who underwent such studies during the current admission were retrieved from their medical records. This dataset provides valuable information for investigating the association between various factors (demographics, disease types, fluid intake, medication usage, mechanical ventilation, angiography) and outcomes (mortality, LOS, CPR) in the context of the PCICU at Children's Medical Center hospital.