Simulated ultrasonic pulse-echo well-integrity dataset
Description
Pulse echo measurements are used to investigate the conditions on the outside of an oil or gas pipe by sending ultrasound pulses onto the pipe wall from a transducer inside of the pipe. These pulses reverberate within the pipe wall and the returned pulses are recorded at the transducer. A range of different algorithms are used today to analyse these recorded data and estimate pipe-wall thickness and impedance of the material behind the pipe, with the aim of determining the bonding of the material. To be able to develop current algorithms further it is crucial to understand currently used algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages. The here presented data set is a collection of numerically simulated pulse-echo data for plate and pipe interfaces. This dataset contains pulse-echo trace data for a range of geometric and material variations together with their ground-truth values used to simulate the data. Hence, it allows to investigate the effects of variations like pipe diameter, thickness, bonding, and eccentring on the derived casing thickness and outer-material impedance. The dataset was build using COMSOL Multiphysics simulations in 2.5D (axisymmetric) and 3D. Dimension of the models were chosen to fit typical pulse-echo set ups, with a transducer diameter of 25 mm and a distance between transducer and pipe/plate of 45 mm. The models were mainly carried out as time-explicit models with an absorbing layer surrounding the model domain to avoid domain boundary reflections. A Gaussian pulse with a 250 kHz centre frequency was used. Most of the models were carried out in 2.5D, as a good approximation of the 3D reality (Diez et. al, 2023). Geometry and material variations of the model include: pipe and plate walls, variations in wall thickness, pipe diameter, distance between transducer and pipe/plate, and variations for the materials inside and outside the pipe/plate. Further we included models with debonding between the pipe/plate and outer solid material, and eccentring between transducer and pipe/plate (3D models). All these variations are give in the Metadata_overview.csv file. The data was exported from COMSOL as point measurements over the transducer surface (folder with text files). The data was then averaged over the transducer surface and saved together with the metadata allowing to reproduce the model domain as json files. For explanations regarding the json file metadata, please see the README_json.txt file. The open-source Python toolbox Pyintegrity allows reading this json data into Python and analysing it using one of the implemented pulse-echo analysis algorithms.
Files
Steps to reproduce
1. Build COMSOL Multiphysics model based on the metadata information given in the json file. 2. Run model and export data as points over the transducer surface -> Results given in the txt.files 3. Average over transducer surface, to calculate trace with pressure amplitude over time -> Results given in json files under waveform - values. Description of 3D and 2.5D COMSOL models and comparisons for choosing 2.5D models can be found in Diez et. al, 2023 (see related links).