An overview on ocular drug delivery system
Description
Ocular medication delivery is the main issue facing pharmacologists and formulation scientists today. The easiest and most widely used kind of treatment is a topical eye drop. Route of drug administration, particularly when treating disorders of the anterior region. Various precorneal, dynamic, and static ocular barriers prevent medication delivery to the targeted ocular tissues. Additionally, target tissues do not retain therapeutic medication levels for an extended period of time. The ocular preparations consist of sterile, buffered, isotonic solutions. They are employed for quick action. They are unable to hold on for an extended period. The fundamental problem with traditional ocular dose forms is that they cannot keep a therapeutic level. Ophthalmic preparations must be devoid of irritants and their physiological properties must not interfere with the eye's normal functioning or cause blurred vision of any kind. The development of innovative, secure, and patient-compliant medication formulations and drug delivery devices/techniques, which may overcome these obstacles and sustain drug levels in tissues, has increased over the past two decades in the field of ocular drug delivery research. Among the various nanoparticles currently available, lipid-based nanosystems have demonstrated increased efficiency and feasibility in topical formulations, making them an important target for ongoing and thorough research in both preclinical and clinical practice. There are numerous new drug delivery systems available for use in the eye. The current review aims to summarize the existing traditional formulations for ocular distribution and their developments, followed by the most recent innovations in formulations based on nanotechnology. Problems associated with traditional ophthalmic dosage forms may be alleviated by the new drug delivery system. Also highlighted are recent advancements in various ocular drug delivery techniques using in situ gels, implants, contact lenses, and micro needles