Complex restoration of oil-contaminated soils with new organomineral reagents
Description
Spills, discharges, and leaks of petroleum hydrocarbons are an environmental problem. Oil hydrocarbons can cause changes in the physical and chemical properties of soil, lead to a decrease in the functional activity of soil biocenoses microbiota. The aim of the work is to remediate oil-polluted soils with new generation sorbents based on organomineral biofertilizer "Kazuglegumus" and aluminum alloys activated by indium, gallium, tin. Modern instrumental methods of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry were used to prove the structure and composition of organomineral reagents as well as soils with different degrees of pollution. The method of complex recovery of oil polluted soils with the organomineral reagents containing activated aluminum alloys and humic fertilizer "Kazuglegumus" has been developed. The comparative analysis of the degree of purification of the oil-polluted soils with the samples of the soil free from oil has been carried out. Desorption of crude oil from the soil by the activated aluminum alloy and its complex with the humic fertilizer Kazuglegumus has been confirmed. The reduction of oil concentration in soil samples by 12-22%, depending on the concentration of the introduced reagents and the oil content in the soil, was revealed. Phytotoxicity of uncontaminated and non-oil-contaminated soils was studied under laboratory and field conditions with sowing seeds of leguminous crops (alfalfa, sainfoin, melil).