Temporal dynamics of fNIRS-based neural activity across prefrontal subregions during working memory
Description
RESEARCH DETAILS We used a high-density frontal lobe fNIRS system (NIRSIT) to measure spatiotemporal dissociation of neural activation across the PFC during a delayed-match-to-sample task. After the appearance of the sample stimulus, we observed an immediate increase in activity in the ventral regions of the PFC (i.e., orbitofrontal cortex), followed by activity in the dlPFC during the memory delay. When the test stimulus appeared, the orbitofrontal cortex activated once again, followed by an overall disengagement of the PFC during the retrieval period. Interestingly, individuals with better WM had an earlier activation peak during encoding and sustained activation during the response period. Performance also correlated with higher functional connectivity of the dlPFC and a more efficient prefrontal functional network. This study presents sheds new light on the dynamics of PFC activity underlying WM and its utility in understanding differences in cognitive ability. DATASET DESCRIPTION Prefrontal fNIRS neural dynamics data were recorded while performing a delayed match-to-sample task in 24 subjects (3 out of 27 subjects (3,24,27) were rejected due to the quality of signal). NIRSIT (OBELAB, Korea) was used for data acquisition. The dataset contains raw data files, organized .mat data with different preprocessing methods (0.01-0.5 Hz and 0.01-0.1 Hz). The .mat files contain the following fields: - accuracy (overall, category-wise (1 for match, 2 for nonmatch-hard, and 3 for nonmatch-hard), detail response) - correctness (for each trial, for each category, for detail) - fNIRS data - sensor data - marker (9 for initial fixation start, 1 for middle fixation point, 2 for sample stimulus onset, 3 for delay start, 4 for test stimulus onset, 5 for decision onset, 6 for decision offset) - trial rejection and validity information Refer to the original research paper for further details.