Performance Evaluation of Discharged Wastewater Quality from Guna water Treatment Plant for Potable Purpose
Description
Water is one of the most crucial and non substitutable environmental resources. Adequate, quality, safe and affordable supply of drinking water is a basic need for human life. Guna Spring Water Bottling Factory (GSWBF) is one of the major water industries in Ethiopia characterized by excess water discharged to the nearest river considered as wastewater. Yet no study was conducted to evaluate the status of discharged wastewater and its impact to the environment and the downstream people though the factory does not use toxic chemical as the source of raw water is not exposed to any waste. The effect of operational factors such as flow arte, discharge time with in different unit process such as softener, sand filter, activated Carbone and ultra filter were investigate. The discharged water quality analysis was conducted by physical, chemical and biological parameters of water in association with set of standards. These parameters are directly related to the safety of drinking water to human use. The physical analyses of all parameters were within the recommended range. Investigation of phosphate has shown values ranging between 0.01 mg/l to 0.72 mg/l. The laboratory result on bacteriological analysis has shown no indicator organism (total coli form, feacal coli form and Escherichia coli tye1) at the discharged water which the factory. Regarding washing time rate there was no significant change on physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters after 10 minutes at 4m3/hr flow rate during surface wash time.
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Sample was collected from Guna Spring Water Bottling Factory in Kimir Dingai Farta Woreda located in South Gondar zone of the Amhara National Regional State of Ethiopia. Chemicals and Medias were used for physico-chemicals analysis such as, nutrient. MacConkey, Nitra- ver5, Nitrate reagent powder pillow, Phos-ver3 (Ascorbic acid) reagent was DPD1 tablets and Silica oil. Bacteriological analysis was carried out for indicator organism’s i.e. total and fecal coli form and E. coli type1 by most probable number (MPN) method. Calcium and Magnesium was determined by using AAS (novAA 400P). AAS is a technique for measuring quantities of chemical elements present in environmental samples by measuring the absorbed radiation by the chemical element of interest. Iron, Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, total alkalinity, free chlorine residual, and turbidity were determined by using photometer. Nitrate and phosphate content were determined by using Spectrophotometer analysis. The Sodium and potassium content were determined by Flame photometer (FP 640) analysis at a maximum emission intensity of 589 nm and 766.5nm respectively.