Navigating Post-Pandemic Challenges: A Strategic Leadership Model for Enhancing NGO Resilience in Zambia- Data set
Description
Research Hypotheses This study examines the role of strategic leadership in enhancing the adaptive capacity of NGOs in Zambia post-COVID-19. The key hypotheses tested include: (1) Strategic leadership positively influences NGO adaptation; (2) Challenges such as financial constraints and operational disruptions impact resilience; (3) Leadership practices strengthen adaptive capacity; (4) Specific leadership behaviors improve resilience; and (5) A contextually relevant leadership model enhances adaptation outcomes. Data Collection & Methodology The dataset was collected from 254 NGOs across health, education, and social welfare sectors, sampled from a population of 1,567 using Krejcie & Morgan’s formula. Data was gathered through an online survey with a 90% response rate. A five-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree) measured strategic leadership effectiveness, challenges faced, leadership responses, and NGO adaptability. Data Description & Interpretation The dataset includes NGO type, years of operation, and funding sources, providing context for assessing resilience. It measures perceptions of strategic leadership, pandemic-related challenges, and leadership strategies. Additionally, it evaluates leadership response effectiveness and the relevance of a newly developed strategic leadership model. The core dependent variable, organizational adaptive capacity, reflects NGOs’ ability to sustain operations amid uncertainties. Key Findings Analysis showed strong strategic leadership correlates with higher adaptability. Despite financial and operational difficulties, NGOs with effective leadership responses demonstrated greater resilience. The newly developed leadership model was seen as practical for crisis navigation. Regression analysis confirmed leadership responses had the strongest impact on adaptive capacity, followed by the relevance of the leadership model. Data Use & Access This dataset provides insights for researchers studying leadership resilience, policymakers designing NGO support frameworks, and NGO leaders improving crisis strategies. Due to confidentiality, the raw dataset is unavailable, but summary statistics can be shared upon request. Interested researchers may contact Mwangala Sitali at mwangalas@gmail.com for access under ethical guidelines.
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Steps to reproduce
Steps to Reproduce the Research To ensure the study’s findings can be validated and replicated, follow these steps: 1. Define the Research Scope & Hypotheses Establish research objectives focused on strategic leadership and NGO adaptability. Formulate hypotheses linking leadership dimensions to organizational resilience. 2. Identify the Study Population & Sampling Method Target NGOs in Zambia across various sectors (health, education, social welfare). Use Krejcie & Morgan’s sampling formula to determine a representative sample size. Apply stratified random sampling to ensure diversity in organizational types. 3. Develop the Data Collection Instrument Design a structured survey questionnaire with validated Likert-scale items (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree). Include key variables: strategic leadership, challenges faced, leadership responses, and adaptive capacity. 4. Conduct Data Collection Distribute the survey via online platforms or direct NGO outreach. Ensure a high response rate (targeting 90%) by using follow-ups and reminders. 5. Perform Data Cleaning & Preparation Use SPSS or R to check for missing values, outliers, and inconsistencies. Ensure variables are correctly coded for analysis. 6. Conduct Data Analysis Use descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis) to summarize responses. Perform correlation analysis to identify relationships between leadership and adaptability. Apply multiple regression analysis to determine the impact of leadership variables on NGO resilience. 7. Interpret & Validate Findings Compare results with existing leadership and crisis management theories. Assess whether leadership dimensions significantly influence adaptability. 8. Document & Share Results Present findings through research papers, policy briefs, or NGO reports. Ensure ethical considerations by anonymizing NGO data before publication.