Extraversion and Marital Adjustment: The Mediating Role of Healing Patterns in Pakistani Couples
Description
This study utilized a cross-sectional design to explore the mediating role of healing interpersonal patterns (HIPs) in the relationship between extraversion and marital adjustment among married couples in Pakistan. A quantitative approach was employed, using self-report questionnaires to assess personality traits, interpersonal patterns, and marital adjustment. The objectives were to: (1) examine the direct link between extraversion and marital adjustment; (2) assess associations with HIPs; (3) evaluate HIPs’ impact on adjustment; and (4) test HIPs as a mediator. The sample consisted of 902 participants, comprising 451 married couples (451 husbands and 451 wives), recruited from Pakistan. The mean age of participants was 28.21 years (SD = 3.90), with ages ranging from 25 to 45 years. The sample size was determined using power analysis via G*Power software, aiming for a power of 0.80, alpha of 0.05, and a medium effect size (f² = 0.15) for multiple regression and mediation models. A minimum of 800 participants was recommended, and the final N = 902 provided adequate power (0.95) to detect small-to-medium effects, accounting for potential attrition or incomplete responses. Purposive sampling was used, targeting married couples meeting inclusion criteria, suitable for studying established marriages in a culturally sensitive context. Recruitment occurred from January to April 2025 through social media. Of 600 couples contacted, 451 (75%) participated after eligibility screening via a demographic questionnaire. Inclusion criteria required participants to be legally married, married for over one year, and aged 25–45 to focus on stable, mid-adulthood relationships. Exclusion criteria eliminated divorced, separated, newly married (<1 year), cohabiting (non-married), or dating individuals, as well as those with physical or mental disabilities, to reduce confounding health-related effects. Three validated self-report instruments were used all administered in Urdu to accommodate participants' primary language and enhance response accuracy. 1. Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10) (Ahmad & Sadiq Hussain, 2022) 2. Interpersonal Pattern Scale (IPS) (Dar & Hasan, 2025) 3. Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS-14) (Naeem et al., 2023) Procedure Data were collected online through Google Forms. Couples completed questionnaires independently to prevent influence, with order counterbalanced. Response rate was 90%. Data Analysis SPSS version 27 was used. Descriptive statistics summarized variables. Pearson correlations tested associations. Hierarchical regression predicted marital adjustment: Step 1 (age, education), Step 2 (personality traits), Step 3 (interpersonal patterns). Mediation analysis used PROCESS Model 4 with 5,000 bootstrapped resamples, testing extraversion (X), HIPs (M), and marital adjustment (Y), controlling demographics.
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Institutions
- University of Central Punjab