Regional Disparities in the Level of Agri-Environmental Vulnerability in Asia: A Country-Level Analysis
Description
This study examine the spatio-temporal differences in agri-environmental vulnerability among the 42 Asian countries by applying the principal component analysis method. Therefore, to calculate the composite index of agri-environmental vulnerability for the selected countries, the secondary data on seven agri-environmental indicators (related to pre-and post-agricultural production activities) were extracted from the FAOSTAT and World Bank databases for the year 2010 and 2020. The results from the analysis described that during both periods, countries with large GDP and population size like, 'China' and 'India' were highly vulnerable, while countries with small GDP and population size like, 'Bhutan' and 'Laos' were least vulnerable due to their organic farming and green economy policies. Lastly, findings from the binary logistic regression analysis also indicate that the high-GDP countries were growing at the cost of their environmental degradation, which should be controlled logically by population optimization and the fair adoption of organic farming practices for a sustainable future.