Preoperative anxiety in ophthalmic surgery
Description
A total of 339 patients who underwent vision correction surgery completed a Spielberger anxiety questionnaire to assess their preoperative anxiety levels, as well as a research questionnaire that included questions about their gender, age, medical history (including previous surgical interventions and any concomitant medical conditions), the duration of surgery, the use of intravenous anesthesia (specifically Elsepam 1 mg and Fentanyl 50 mcg), and the occurrence of any adverse events such as hypotension, postoperative nausea, and vomiting.
Files
Steps to reproduce
Inclusion criteria: upcoming laser vision correction surgery using techniques (SMILE and FemtoLASIK); signed informed consent to participate in the study. Criteria for non-inclusion: decompensated somatic disease; refusal to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria: the appearance of non-inclusion criteria in the patient during the study. The most well-known test for measuring anxiety is the Spielberger Questionnaire (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), which evaluates anxiety as a personality trait and anxiety as a state. This questionnaire, also known in Russian literature as the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire, consists of two sections. The first section evaluates personal anxiety, while the second section evaluates situational or reactive anxiety [13]. Three levels of preoperative anxiety are most often distinguished: low (below 30 points), moderate (31-45 points) and high –above 45 points) [14,15]. The following possible predictors of a high level of anxiety were selected for analysis: gender, age, ASA physical status, previous surgeries, somatic diseases, date of surgery. The null hypothesis is that these factors do not affect preoperative anxiety. The duration of the operation, the need for intravenous anesthesia, and the frequency of adverse events were assessed: arterial hypotension (a decrease in average blood pressure below 20% of baseline or less than 70 mmHg), TBI (on a 4-point verbal scale: 0 – no TBI, 1 – mild nausea, 2 – moderate nausea, 3 – severe nausea, 4 – nausea and vomiting). The indication for intravenous anesthesia was considered not to fix the patient's gaze at the concentration point, but to move his head and, as a result, to lose vacuum. The null hypothesis is that the patient's high preoperative anxiety is not related to the duration of surgery, the need for intravenous anesthesia, or the presence of hypertension.