BARICITINIB ATTENUATES THE PROINFLAMMATORY PHASE OF COVID-19 DRIVEN BY LUNG-INFILTRATING MONOCYTES. Dobosh et al.

Published: 4 May 2022| Version 2 | DOI: 10.17632/94dcppc3j4.2
Contributors:
Brian Dobosh, Rabindra Tirouvanziam

Description

Supplementary Tables Abstract: SARS-CoV-2-infected subjects are generally asymptomatic during initial viral replication, but may suffer severe immunopathology after the virus has receded and monocytes have infiltrated the airways. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from severe COVID-19 patients, monocytes express mRNA encoding inflammatory mediators and contain SARS-CoV-2 transcripts. We leverage a human small airway model of infection and inflammation whereby primary blood monocytes transmigrate across SARS-CoV-2-infected lung epithelium to characterize viral burden, gene expression and inflammatory mediator secretion by epithelial cells and monocytes. In this model, lung-infiltrating monocytes acquire SARS-CoV-2 from the epithelium and upregulate expression and secretion of inflammatory mediators, mirroring in vivo data. Combined use of baricitinib (Janus kinase inhibitor) and remdesivir (nucleoside analog) enhances antiviral signaling and viral clearance by SARS-CoV-2-positive monocytes while decreasing secretion of pro-neutrophilic mediators associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. These findings highlight the role of lung-infiltrating monocytes in COVID-19 pathogenesis and their importance as a therapeutic target.

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Lead Contact: Requests for further information should be directed to and will be fulfilled by the lead contact, Rabindra Tirouvanziam (tirouvanziam@emory.edu) Data and Code availability: RNA-seq data has been deposited at GEO and are available as of the date of publication. It can be accessed under accession: GSE186460 Please refer to the same-named publication from Cell Reports

Institutions

Emory University

Categories

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, COVID-19

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