Intra- and postoperative complications in patients with hypertension who attended the Dr René Puig Bentz Dental Clinic of the Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña.
Description
Clinical complications, in general, cause anxiety and panic. High blood pressure is recognized as a silent adversary that causes an increase in blood pressure. In dentistry, specifically in the area of surgery, it is important to establish good management of systemically compromised patients, especially in the case of hypertensive patients or those with elevated blood pressure, to avoid life-threatening complications. The main objective of this research was to determine intra and postoperative complications in patients with elevated blood pressure who attended the surgery area of the Dr. Rene Puig Bentz dental clinic of the UNPHU. The research approach was descriptive and observational, with a cross-sectional design and a sample of 108 patients who represent 100% of the cases evaluated. As a result of a sample of 108 patients (100%), we obtained 80.6% of intraoperative complications and 19.4% of the cases did not present intraoperative complications. In postoperative complications, 17.6% presented complications and 82.4% of the cases did not present. In conclusion, the results revealed that complications during surgery were more frequent than those after surgery.
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After the patient agreed to participate in the study, data collection began on signs and symptoms related to complications during and after surgery, using a validated instrument consisting of four parts: a first part containing the patient's personal and demographic data. A second part where all data related to their medical history was collected. A third part where data was collected during the surgical procedure, and a fourth part where data related to signs and symptoms recorded after the surgical procedure was collected. The data collection process was carried out as follows: * The patient was provided with all information related to the research. * It was confirmed that the patient had undergone laboratory tests (complete blood count, coagulation time, bleeding time, prothrombin time, blood glucose, V.D.R.L) in the case of third molar surgery, which were indicated by the student performing the surgery and who met the inclusion criteria by evaluating their medical history and anamnesis. * The patient proceeded to sign the informed consent. * The surgery area form was filled out, taking into consideration whether the patient reported being hypertensive or not. Once completed, pre-surgical blood pressure was taken to determine if the patient had elevated blood pressure. * Following the pre-surgical evaluation, 5 minutes were allowed after the anesthetic was administered to take another blood pressure reading. After 25 minutes, another reading was taken, and the entire process was observed to record the surgical process and any relevant data that needed to be considered in the data collection instrument. * Once the surgical procedure was completed, post-surgical instructions were explained and given to the patient. * Seven days after the surgical procedure, the patient was received for a post-surgical check-up, where key questions were asked in writing to verify if the patient had followed the post-surgical instructions. During the 7 days, medication intake and care were monitored.