Global chronostratigraphical correlation table for the last 2.7 million years v.2019 (Poster version)
Description
This 'version 5' upload is the 2022-updated poster-version of Figure 1 of the Quaternary International 500 article (version 1). The Figure 2 inset from that paper, is also included here, for completeness. Cohen, K.M. & Gibbard, P.L. 2019 Global chronostratigraphical correlation table for the last 2.7 million years. Quaternary International vol. 500. Fig. 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2019.03.009 See abstract and full text of the linked paper for details, research history and citations/references to materials included in the chart: it makes extensive use of published data sets and schemes, all cited in the main text, many of which have data repositories. The 2020 update comprised the ratification of a GSSP for the Middle Pleistocene (introducing the Chibanian Stage), the splitting of the Subseries and Stages column and the way the GSSPs are indicated, and the lowering of the provisional numeric age for the Late Pleistocene Subseries/Stage from 0.129 to 0.126 (affecting the dashed horizontal line that serves as a left-right guide across the chart). The 2021 update corrected a MIS misnumbering at the top of the Olduvai (63, 65) present in older editions, spotted after over a decade of updating the figure/poster. Otherwise, the undivided poster version only differs from the 3-page spread figure in the QI paper in placement and font size of title and version, placement of logotypes, inclusion of Utrecht University and University of Cambridge logo's on the poster (continued from earlier releases of the chart), reference to the Quaternary International v-500 2019 paper. All data featured on the chart, is referenced in brief in the text below, and referenced in full and documented in brief in the 2019 paper. The 2019 QI-500 paper publication followed up the Episodes 2008 Gibbard & Cohen paper. The 2021 and 2020 edition of the chart (versions 4, 3, 2 in this repository) follow up editions in 2019 (QI-500/INQUA-Dublin; version 4) and the 2016 IUGS' Cape town IGC version (web-released at the time). The 2021 and 2022 edition are corrigenda regarding MIS labeling around the Olduvai (see text in Steps to reproduce). The release of the poster version via data.mendeley.com, cross-referenced from the QI paper, was coordinated with the QI journal management (Elsevier) and editorship (INQUA). Use of the IUGS-ICS and INQUA logo's was coordinated with the respective organisations (and is continued from earlier releases of the chart). The PDF files contain scale-able vector graphics only and therefore should suit reproductions to mini-poster (A4, A3) and poster size (e.g. A1) formats alike. Before seeking far zoomed-in usage of the chart: take notice of the discussion in the QI paper of chosen graphical resolution, versus achievable geological and chronometric correlation accuracy limits.
Files
Steps to reproduce
The chart makes extensive use of published data sets and schemes, all cited in the main text. The graphic summarizes and replots data, and was manually created: For curves: re-plotting data from downloaded from data repositories, and email-obtained original data files, manually labeling; for schemes: taken over from tables and graphs in source publications; for ages of events and boundaries: taken over from text, tables and labeling in figures from source publications. Our made-graphic versions are not new data. From left to right, key references (the main paper cites many more) per grouped column are: MAJOR DIVISIONS Cohen et al. 2013, updated 2020/01-2022/02 (ICS chronostratigraphic chart / www.stratigraphy.org ) Suganuma et al. 2019/2020 (Middle Pleistocene) * Version 2 on Data.Mendely.com includes the Chibanian GSSP (Middle Pleistocene), and split the Subseries/Stages column into two, but kept base Late Pleistocene to 0.126. It has version number 2020. * Version 3 on Data.Mendely.com includes the Chibanian GSSP (Middle Pleistocene), has the numeric age for base Late Pleistocene lowered to 0.129 Ma. The dashed horizontal lines guiding this boundary are also lowered. It has version number 2020b. * Version 4 (2021) and 5 (2022) are corrigenda regarding the placement of odd interglacial MIS stage labels (63, 65 - in 2021) and that of the even glacial stage labels (56-78) around the time of the Olduvai. Gibbard & Head 2010 (base Pleistocene) Head & Gibbard 2015 (Pleistocene subdivision) Rasmussen et al. 2006 (base Holocene) Walker et al. 2018 (Holocene subdivision) DEEP OCEAN RECORDS & DIVISIONS Channell et al. 2016 (Paleomagnetic intenstity curve ; ages events) Lisiecki & Raymo 2005 (stacked d18O ; ages MIS boundaries) * Version 4 on Data.Mendely.com now has MIS 63, 65 correctly identified along the curve (top Olduvai). * Version 5 on Data.Mendely.com now has MIS 58-78 correctly identified along the curve (top Olduvai, base Olduvai). Berggren et al. 1995 (biozonations) ANTARCTICA & CONTINENTAL ASIA Petit et al. 1999 (Vostok) EPICA members 2004 (EPICA Dome-C) Ding et al. 2005 (Chinese Loess curve/timescale) Prokopenko et al. 2006 (Baikal biogenic silica) REGIONAL SCHEMES Sources as in Gibbard & Cohen 2008 (Britain, NW Europe, North America, New Zealand), corrections, revisions and additions (Russian and Ukraine schemes): Shik et al. 2015; Van Kolfschoten & Gerasimenko 2006. LAST 50,000 YEARS INSET ( FIGURE 2) Walker et al. 2018 (Holocene subdivision) Shackleton et al. 2003 (MD95-2042 benthic d18O) Voelker and de Abreu, 2011 (Heinrich events) Rasmussen et al. 2014 (Greenland ice stadial/interstadial scheme) Reimer et al. 2013 (IntCal13 age calibration / 14C production variability)