Assessment of Radiation Protection Status of the Radiology Departments of Two Selected Secondary Hospitals in Kano Metropolis, Kano State, Nigeria

Description

During the operation of x-ray machines, the radiology personnel and individuals in the patients’ waiting area and others in adjacent spaces may inadvertently be exposed to harmful doses of ionizing radiation. This radiation exposure can stem from tube leakage or scattered radiation during patient imaging procedures. The risk is particularly heightened in areas where protective barriers are insufficient. This study examines the levels of secondary radiation in two (2) busy radiology departments of secondary health facilities in Kano metropolis. Utilizing a Radiation Alert Ranger Multi-Purpose Digital Survey Meter, secondary radiation doses were measured at various locations, including the control panel, changing room, patient waiting area, protected cubicle, dark room/digitizer, and radiographer’s office. The results indicated significant variations in radiation exposure, with the highest measurement being 22.653 μSv/h in the changing room at Hospital ‘B’, and the lowest being 0.011 μSv/h in the patient waiting area at hospital ‘A’. Background radiation levels ranged from 0.077 to 0.203 μSv/h, with the highest levels recorded in the CT unit at Hospital ‘B’. The study emphasizes the critical need for continuous monitoring and stringent control of radiation exposure to ensure the safety of medical staff and the general public. Recommendations include the use of purpose-designed diagnostic room, instituting a valid quality assurance program, installation and use of efficient equipment, proper maintenance by trained personnel, adherence to standardized procedures, and robust shielding measures. These findings underscore the importance of regular inspections and improvements in radiation protection protocols within medical facilities.

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