Using mixed reality (MR) as an emerging technology for improving higher education: Analysis of mental workload
Description
Currently, higher education students face difficulties in understanding and applying complex concepts related to PC hardware, due to the abstract nature of the components and their assembly. This limits their ability to apply knowledge in real-world contexts. Understanding such subjects is essential for students in fields like computer science, engineering, and technology. Traditional approaches, such as textbook-based teaching, theoretical presentations, or 2D simulations, have proven insufficient to provide students with the necessary practical understanding. Moreover, limited access to physical laboratories or real hardware has restricted opportunities for interactive learning, reducing both motivation and knowledge retention. To address this, a mixed reality (MR) application was designed for the Meta Quest3 device, called Build_3D. This application allows students to interact with 3D models of PC hardware components and a smartphone. The application enables students to manipulate virtual parts, visualize real-time assemblies while learning how to assemble and disassemble a PC and a smartphone. Despite the advantages of this technology, students may experience mental workload due to the interactive nature of the learning environment. For this reason, this study analyzed the mental workload perceived by a group of students using the NASA-Task Load Index (TLX) tool. The results are encouraging, showing that most students using Build_3D perceive a low mental workload, which is a positive indicator in educational settings, as it suggests that students can focus on the fundamental aspects of the content without being overwhelmed by the complexity of the interface or tasks. Additionally, these results indicate that Build_3D has been well-designed from both a pedagogical and ergonomic perspective. Students were able to complete the assigned tasks efficiently and with moderate effort, indicating that the application is suitable for both beginners and more advanced users. Despite these positive results, when using such technologies, it is important to incorporate rest periods and limit continuous usage to avoid mental fatigue.