ConViD — Concrete Visual Defect Dataset
Description
4 types of Concrete defects
Files
Steps to reproduce
1. Objective To create a primary image dataset of four structural concrete defects: Honeycombing Voids Cracks Spalling Images were collected under controlled but naturally varying environmental conditions to ensure robustness and domain realism. 2. Equipment Specifications Device: Smartphone camera Resolution Mode: 1:1 (square aspect ratio) Camera Resolution: 12 Megapixels Image Format: JPEG Capture Mode: Default camera mode (no HDR enhancement filters) Zoom: No digital zoom used Flash: Disabled 3. Data Collection Strategy 3.1 Number of Expeditions Data was collected over three independent site visits (expeditions) to reduce sampling bias. 3.2 Time-of-Day Variation Each expedition included image acquisition at: Morning (Natural diffuse light) Afternoon (High-intensity direct sunlight) Night (Artificial lighting conditions) This ensured: Illumination variability Shadow variation Texture contrast differences Real-world deployment robustness 4. Image Capture Protocol For each defect instance: Camera positioned perpendicular (~90°) to surface when possible. Distance maintained between 0.5 – 1.5 meters depending on defect size. Multiple angles captured: Frontal view Slight oblique (15°–30° tilt) No artificial cleaning or surface alteration was performed. Background clutter was minimized where feasible. 5. Class Definitions 5.1 Honeycombing Exposed aggregate Surface cavities Poor compaction texture 5.2 Voids Circular or irregular cavity formation Depth perceptible under shadow 5.3 Cracks Linear fracture patterns Width varying from hairline to visible structural cracks 5.4 Spalling Concrete surface detachment Flaking with exposed internal layers 6. Environmental Variability Control The following variations were intentionally preserved: Lighting intensity (lux variation across time) Shadow presence Surface moisture (if naturally present) Surface dust conditions No post-processing correction was applied at collection stage.