CH4 and N2O flux data from wet rice grown on organic soil in Switzerland
Description
We measured CH4 and N2O emissions from wet rice on organic soil with chamber measurements, in an outdoor mesocosm experiment in Switzerland's Central Plateau, located in the cool temperate moist zone, north of the Alps. We applied two water treatments (a high water table (WT) treatment, -6 cm with mid-season drainage, and two medium WT treatments, -11 and -17 cm without mid-season drainage) and additionally tested the use of a mineral cover layer to reduce N2O emissions. Additionally, a deeply-drained grassland treatment was used as a reference treatment. Fluxes were measured twice a week (rice) and weekly (grass) during the growing season, though more dense measurements took place around fertilisation events and any man-made changes in the WT (e.g. drainage). In total, fluxes were measured from 12 rice plots (3 treatments x 4 replicates per treatment) and 4 grass plots (1 treatment). All rice and all grass plots, respectively, were measured on the same day. Fluxes were measured for the two gases simultaneously, using an opaque chamber (1.2 m × 0.605 m, height 0.795 m) to sample gases in a closed loop system with a Picarro G2308 gas analyser. The chamber was lowered for 15 minutes per plot, though the first 3 minutes of all data were discarded. The R-package "gasfluxes" was used to calculate fluxes, thus avoiding artifacts due to saturation of gases in the headspace. Information on air pressure was obtained from a nearby meterological station ("Zurich / Affoltern"). Information on chamber temperature was obtained from a thermometer inside the gas sampling chamber or (for the five days for which these data were not available) by using calibrated hourly air temperature data from the nearby meteorological station. Four data sets are included: 1. Hourly CH4 fluxes (on measurement days) from 12 rice plots 2. Hourly CH4 fluxes (on measurement days) from 4 grass plots 3. Hourly N2O fluxes (on measurement days) from 12 rice plots 4. Hourly N2O fluxes (on measurement days) from 4 grass plots Units are in mg CH4.m-2.h-1 (files 1 and 2) or mg N2O-N.m-2.h-1 (files 3 and 4). The upper-most column headers in these files refer to the management treatments, as described in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108641. The second row of column headers (numbers 1-16) refer to the individual plots, as given in the supplementary material associated with https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108641.