Research data on microbial diversity and antibiotic profile of bacterial isolates from St. Joseph hospital sewage water discharge, Roma, Lesotho
Description
In this data article, hospital sewage water microbial diversity and antimicrobial profile of microorganisms in the system are referred. In total, six dominant representative strains were isolated. Of which, five strains: Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus spp, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp and Escherichia coli were identified (Table 1). Among the three sampling sites, pond system B was known to have high diversity compared to the other sites. The order is still maintained the same for evenness (Equitability indexing (ED), where site B is 1.00 followed by site A (0.93) and site C (0.71). Overall, site B found to have high diversity and evenness, which can be described as a stable environment for its high number of species and high number of individuals (Figure 1 and Table 2). It is documented that antibiotics may favour the microbial adaptation by reducing their toxicity (Jia et al., 2008). The antibiotic profile of the isolated strains against the ten different antibiotics have shown resistance to ampicillin, amoxycillin and vancomycin while some were still 100% susceptible to ciprofloxacin and norflocin. Development of antibiotic resistance and selection pressure has also been reported (Chee-Sanford et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2014). Chloramphenicol and erythromycin however shown fractions among R and S; 67% and 33% as well as 17% and 83%, respectively. Neomycin shown fractions for I (67%) and S (33%) while, kanamycin and streptomycin had percentage fractions for all class (Table 3, 4 and 5).
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Experimental Design, Materials, and Methods Samples were serially diluted aseptically and 1ml of the suspension from each of the 103 and 105 dilutions were pour plated separately in 14ml aliquots (≈ 45°C) of the NA and PDA, respectively. The culture plates were then gently shaken by hand to mix the suspension prior to solidification. Plates were then incubated at 37˚C for 24 – 48 hours after which, plates were evaluated for presence of growth and cultural characteristics of colonies were used to select representative isolates and acquisition of quantitative data. Different colonies were picked and sub-cultured aseptically on nutrient agar plates to make a pure culture for identification. Following standard methods, representative isolates were identified using conventional biochemical method including IMViC and gram reaction. The standard procedure of Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay (Bauer et al., 1966) was used to determine the susceptibility of identified isolates. Overnight cultures of the bacterial isolates were suspended separately in sterilized broth and a 0.1ml of the suspension was spread plated. A range of commonly used antibiotics discs, four in each plate placed at equal distance from the centre of each plate lawn with a test organism were used. Plates were incubated at 24˚c for 24 - 48 hours and then evaluated for presence or absence of growth. The formation of clear zone around the discs were considered an indication for susceptibility of the isolate for the tested antibiotics. The inhibition zone were measured and organisms were classified as resistant, intermediate or susceptible as per European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing EUCAST – (version 2.0), 2012 (Table 1). Data was then analysed using SPSS statistical package (16.0 version) for mean separation and percentage antibiotic profiling. Diversity and richness and distribution pattern of microorganisms were also analysed using diversity indexing methods.