Dataset for the seismic performance of tunnels affected by the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence
Description
This dataset encompasses comprehensive information from a detailed study on the seismic performance of tunnels affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence of February 6, 2023. The field survey conducted following the events revealed limited damages to the tunnels in the affected region despite the very high recorded ground motions. We examined the reasons for these limited damages and then investigated whether the available state of the art methods and tools for the seismic risk assessment of tunnels could have predicted this behaviour. This dataset includes: - Epicenters and fault ruptures provided by USGS for the two main seismic events of the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence of February 6, 2023, namely the M7.7 Pazarcik and the M7.6 Elbistan earthquakes. - Locations of the tunnels: Geospatial coordinates of 87 tunnels located in the provinces most affected by the seismic events. The tunnels are approximately represented by their midpoints, and the coordinate system is the WGS84. - Seismic performance of the tunnels affected by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence of February 6, 2023, as obtained from the field survey. - Structural Characteristics: Detailed structural properties of each tunnel, including their period of construction, their typology and construction materials, as well as the maximum burial depth. - Geotechnical Characteristics: Surrounding soil quality expressed through the Vs30 and the average Geological Strength Index, GSI. - Experienced Ground Motion: Proximity to the rupture, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) values experienced at each tunnel site during the two main seismic events. PGA and PGV were extracted from the USGS ShakeMaps at the locations of the tunnels. - Return periods of PGA levels at the locations of the tunnels: We performed a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA), taking local site conditions into account, to calculate the seismic hazard curves at the locations of the tunnels; then we used these hazard curves to identify for each tunnel site the return periods corresponding to the PGA of the ShakeMaps of the two main seismic events. - Damage assessment of tunnels: Scenario-type risk analyses performed using USGS ShakeMaps and available fragility models (two empirical, the HAZUS (2004) and the ALA (2001), and one analytically derived developed by Andreotti and Lai (2019)) to assess the expected damage levels due to the two events. The damage metric is the probability of damage of any level, which is equal to one minus the probability of no damage. Higher probabilities correspond to a higher level of expected damage. This dataset aims to facilitate further analysis and understanding of the factors influencing tunnel resilience during strong ground motions, thereby enhancing seismic risk assessment methodologies and contributing to the development of more robust models for predicting tunnel performance in seismic events.
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Funding
Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation
11049