Cold Regions Science and Technology

The relationship between freezing temperature and water content, capillary water content, film water content.

The raw test data during the characterization of freeze-thaw durability.

Numbers measured

All the figures and tables in the manuscript are in the uploaded files. The data are open to copy, modify and further public.

This folder contains the iceberg size characteristics interferred from Sentinel-2 optical imagery. Data of the five major iceberg sources in the Barents Sea are provided. For the locations (a1,a2,b1 etc.), see Figure 3 in the paper. The data includes: the perimeter and the area of the icebergs. Further, the 'height' and 'width' are given. These parameteres are found using a fitted minimum surrounding box in the software QGIS. The largest value (between height and width) is defined as the iceberg length and the smallest value the iceberg width.

Large quantities of data were used for this study. Due to the 10gb file limit of Mendely Data, we can only include instructions on how to acquire the SAR imagery, with R and python scripts to complete the remaining steps. The data is uploaded as a compressed file that unzips into a folder. Within the folder there are two subdirectories: “SAR_Imagery” and “Gradient_Analysis”. The SAR_Imagery subdirectory includes python scripts to initiate downloads of Radarsat-1 imagery covering geographic regions within our study area. The download is accomplished via the Alaska Satellite Facility Data Portal; the creation of an account will be required to download this imagery. The Gradient_Analysis subdirectory includes two folders: “Dates” and “Scripts”. The “Dates” folder includes CSV files listing the three dates used in each “triplet”. These CSV files are needed for the execution of the scripts contained in the “Scripts” folder. To run these scripts, you need R-Studio, a free and open-sourced IDE for the R programming language. Step1_Subfolders.R loops through the dates contained within the CSV files in the “Dates Folders”, and deposits the three SAR images in a new subdirectory. Step2_Gradient.R then loops through these subdirectories and performs the net-gradient-difference analysis needed to procure imagery for identifying landfast ice.

Buried pipe is an important structure underneath embankment. In the frozen soil region, the destruction of pipe will directly affect the service life and benefit of road. Based on the effect of freeze-thaw action of embankment filling on pipes in the field, model tests on shallow buried PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) pipe were carried out in the temperature control laboratory. Variation of stress and strain of pipe, earth pressures around pipe and deformations of pipe were investigated under different filling loads, different layers of geogrid, symmetrical and asymmetrical freeze-thaw of soil around the pipes. The test results show that most of the upper half of the pipe is in compressive strain state, except for the 0° measuring point on the crown vertex of the pipe. And most of the lower half of the pipe is in tensile strain state. The maximum compressive stress and the maximum tensile stress are at points with an angle of 45° and 135° from the vertices of pipe, respectively. When symmetrical frost-heave of the soil occurs in the surrounding pipe, load reduction measures should be taken at the crown of the pipe. When asymmetrical frost-heave of the soil occurs in the surrounding pipe, the differential horizontal deformation of the pipe between its left and right halves is obvious, therefore the earth pressures on the lateral of the pipe should be monitored emphatically. The geogrid installed above the pipe effectively reduces the eccentric load on the pipe. The thaw-settlement of frozen soil has the greatest impact on the deformation of shallow buried pipes, which is more threatening to cause pipe damage. The test results can provide a reference for engineering design, construction and maintenance of shallow buried pipe under the soil freeze-thaw condition.

Naturalized flows of the regulated Peace River during the ice breakup period, as observed and as calculated by different methods, are tabulated for the years 1972-2016.

Field exp 8a gives data for the compression experiment described; field exp 10a gives data for the indentation experiment.

The files give the data for Figures 8-9 in the articles.