Supplementary_material_appendix_2
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Model Measurement for Inner and Outer Model
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The study employed Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) facilitated by Smart-PLS software. Model development followed a sequence of steps: formulating empirical and theoretical models, inputting data, assessing model assumptions, initiating and refining the modelling phase, evaluating the final model's fit, conducting hypothesis testing, and interpreting the final model. Hypothesis acceptance was determined by comparing the obtained t-statistic value with the t-table at a 5% significance level (alpha). Reliability and validity assessments were conducted for each latent variable, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a minimum weighting of 0.50 and Cronbach's alpha coefficient with a threshold of 0.60 to ensure instrument reliability. In this study, the Second Order technique was used for data processing. During the first-order analysis of the model, convergent validity was assessed using the outer loading value with a threshold of 0.50.