Pneumothorax due to COVID-19
Description
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with these complications are described to determine the time to onset, associated comorbidities, and location and duration of pneumothorax. A search in PubMed yielded simple frequencies and a bivariate analysis of deaths. There were 113 confirmed cases in 67 articles. Articles were selected with a description of the case or cases with pneumothorax and COVID-19; if it was an article with a description of several cases and without the individual description of each case, they were excluded. In the MS Excel spreadsheet, variables were created on clinical data, pre-existing diseases, date of admission and discharge from the hospital / days between events (as described), anatomic location of the pneumothorax. The median time from the date of hospital admission to the presence of pneumothorax was 8 days. Right hemithorax was the most frequent form of pneumothorax. Almost half of the patients required intubation for invasive mechanical ventilation. Although the frequency of this phenomenon was not high among hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2, it was high among those who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study contributes to the literature because it presents a large number of patients who developed pneumothorax after admission, which was characterized by clinical deterioration (dyspnea, tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, and subcutaneous emphysema) and low oxygen saturation levels. Pneumothorax/pneumomediastinum is recommended as a differential diagnosis, even without considering the presence of chronic pulmonary comorbidities or invasive mechanical ventilation.
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Articles were selected with a description of the case or cases with pneumothorax and COVID-19; if it was an article with a description of several cases and without the individual description of each case, they were excluded. PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ The key words were: (("sars cov 2"[MeSH Terms] OR "sars cov 2"[All Fields] OR "covid"[All Fields] OR "covid 19"[MeSH Terms] OR "covid 19"[All Fields]) AND ("pneumothorax"[MeSH Terms] OR "pneumothorax"[All Fields] OR "pneumothoraxes"[All Fields])) AND (ffrft[Filter]) In the MS Excel spreadsheet, variables were created on clinical data, pre-existing diseases, date of admission and discharge from the hospital / days between events (as described), anatomic location of the pneumothorax. Simple frequencies were analyzed.