Efficacy of localized sustained-release drugs in periodontitis and comorbid diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Description
Our meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of localized sustained-release drugs in periodontitis and comorbid diabetes. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched until 4 December 2024, and 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The results indicated that compared to the control group, localized sustained-release drugs significantly reduced probing depth (PD) [SMD=-0.77, 95% CI (-1.37, -0.16)], but did not reduce clinical attachment loss (CAL) [SMD=-0.18, 95% CI (-0.60, 0.23)], sites with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) [SMD=0.03, 95% CI (-0.38, 0.43)], plaque index (PI) [SMD=-0.37, 95% CI (-0.80, 0.06)], sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) [SMD=-0.26, 95% CI (-0.68, 0.16)], and gingival index (GI) [SMD=0.07, 95% CI (-0.30, 0.44)]. Subgroup analysis by different drugs elicited that compared to the control treatment, chlorhexidine was effective in reducing BOP% [SMD=-0.55, 95%CI (-0.90, -0.19)]. Our meta-analysis finds that the efficacy of localized sustained-release drugs in periodontitis and comorbid diabetes is limited. Two reviewers reviewed the titles, abstracts, and the full text of studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Any disagreement was resolved through discussion or seeking the opinion of a third party to negotiate and reach a consensus. Information extracted from the included studies included authors, year, country, sample size (test and control groups), sex (male/female), mean age, type of diabetes, intervention, and outcomes. All data in Excel were reviewed to consider appropriateness for meta-analysis. Data were then imported into StataSE15.0 for quantitative analysis. The risk of bias was rated independently by two investigators using Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 Tool (RoB 2)