Gaseous products from biomass and waste co-pyrolysis - DOE
Description
Previous research has demonstrated that including waste polymers into thermally converted biomass has a considerable impact on the quantities of solid, liquid, and gaseous products that can be extracted from the biomass. Therefore, it was decided to investigate how the addition of waste polymers could affect the composition and overall quality characteristics of the gaseous products obtained during the co-pyrolysis of three different biomass-derived materials with the addition of two different multicomponent blends of waste polymers. These waste polymers included polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from PET bottles recovered from municipal solid waste (MSW), polypropylene (PP) from scrap bumpers, and acrylonitrile (ABS).
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To prepare the DOE matrix, the Box-Wilson Central Composite Design approach was used. The gas composition was determined using a Varian CP3800 gas chromatograph. The composition of the gas was analysed using PN-C-96012:1993 - Gaseous fuels. Gas chromatography methods are used to determine the concentration of gaseous components in pyrolysis gas. The density and calorific value of natural gas were calculated in accordance with PN-EN ISO 6976:2016-11 - Natural gas. Calorific values, density, relative density, and Wobbe number are calculated from composition. The method's basic idea is to use a Varian CP3800 gas chromatograph equipped with two detectors: a TCD thermal-conductivity detector and a FID flameionization detector, as well as a valve system that allows the carrier gas stream (compressed helium, compressed air of 5.0 purity) and the sample to be split into a flameionization detector and a thermal-conductivity detector. The flame-ionisation detector is powered by 5.0 purity hydrogen. The chromatograf was also outfitted with a capillary column, such as CP Sil 5, measuring 60 m x 0.25 mm and a sample dispensing loop on the 1 ml capillary column, as well as a packed column, such as Molecular Sieve 5A CP measuring 1.5 m x 2.0 mm and a sample dispensing loop on the 250 l packed column. The analyses were carried out under the following chromatograph operating conditions: Temperature programme with two stages: 45 °C to 90 °C with an 8 °C per minute ramp-up, 90 °C to 160 °C with a 20 °C per minute ramp-up, 9 minutes holding at the initial temperature, injector temperature 150 °C, FID detector temperature 280 °C, TCD detector temperature 175 °C.