Digital Orphanhood: A systematic review of the landscape of digital citizenship and civic outcomes in Latin America

Description

Thematic analysis (.xlsx and .docx) and extraction file (.csv and .ris)

Steps to reproduce

This systematic literature review followed the PRISMA protocol to ensure transparent and reproducible reporting of the review (Page et al., 2021). This protocol was chosen to minimize the risk of bias through the suggested standardization process. A PECO (Population, Exposure, Outcomes, Context) informed framework adapted for educational research guided the conceptualization and eligibility criteria, for the quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies focus on digital phenomena (Higgins & Thomas, 2024). Inclusion criteria required studies on Latin American populations (students, teachers, young adults), phenomena related to digital divide, literacy, citizenship, or civic engagement, outcomes on digital literacy skills and citizenship, civic knowledge, attitudes or behaviours, published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese from 2000 to 2025, from the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Redalyc, and Latindex. This process was reinforced with the use of AI tools such as Elicit (2025) and ScienceDirect IA (Elsevier, 2025) using the first research question for the prompt. Citation searching from similar literature reviews and meta-analysis was also used to enrich the searching stage. Exclusion criteria eliminated non-Latin American samples, opinion pieces, editorials, conference abstracts without data, duplicates, inaccessible full texts, or non-empirical works. Searches used core keywords across categories in both English and Spanish (see table 1). Boolean search keywords: Digital Citizenship and Engagement: gital divide” OR “digital literacy” OR “digital citizenship” OR “digital participation”; Spanish: “brecha digital” OR “ciudadanía digital” OR “alfabetización digital” OR “participación digital” Civic Attitudes: “civic engagement” OR “civic participation” OR “political participation”; Spanish: “participación cívica” OR “compromiso cívico” OR “participación política” Age Group: “students” OR “adolescent” OR “secondary students” OR “young adults” OR “teachers”; Spanish: “estudiantes” OR “jóvenes adultos” OR “adolescentes” OR “docentes” OR “estudiantes de secundaria” Region and Context: “Latin America”; Spanish: “Latino América” Methodology: “quantitative” OR “mixed methods” OR “quantitative”; Spanish: “cuantitativo” OR “métodos mixtos” OR “cualitativo”

Institutions

• University of Bath

  England, Bath

Categories

Licence