India Hybrid IO table 2023
Description
The worksheets build an energy-hybridised input-output table (IOT) for India for the financial year 2023-24 with the same 22-sector structure as the 2015 hybrid table published earlier. The same three-step method described in the data-hybridisation guide (Combet et al. 2014; L. Henry 2016): (i) re-organise the energy balance and energy price data into an IOT format; (ii) reconstitute energy expenses as volumes x prices; (iii) substitute these expenses into the national-accounts IOT and re-balance the rest of the table without changing the economy-wide totals. The starting point is the 65 x 65 commodity-by-commodity IOT for 2023-24 derived from the MoSPI supply-use tables. References • Combet E., Ghersi F., Lefevre J., Le Treut G. (2014), Construction of hybrid Input-Output tables for E3 CGE model calibration and consequences on energy policy analysis, GTAP resource 4524. • Henry L. (2016), Data hybridisation guide (CIRED technical note, file "Data hybridisation guide.docx"). • MoSPI (2025), Energy Statistics India 2025, Chapters 4, 6 and 7; MoSPI Supply-Use Tables 2023-24. • PPAC, Snapshot of India's Oil & Gas data and Ready Reckoner 2023-24; PFC (2025), Report on Performance of Power Utilities 2023-24; CEA General Review; FAO (2025), Bioenergy consumption statistics 1990-2023.
Files
Steps to reproduce
Steps Step 1 - Energy balance to IOT logic Each physical sub-flow of the energy balance (for example "diesel: retail road transport 61,567 kt", "gas to fertiliser plants 21,046 mmscm", "domestic electricity 375,000 GWh") is assigned to one or more of the 22 IOT sectors, to households (PFCE) or to trade, with an allocation share; ktoe = quantity x conversion factor and value = quantity x price. Only commercial flows are kept: energy-industry own use, self-consumed captive power (190 TWh) and freely collected household biomass are not transactions and are excluded; international aviation and marine bunkers are treated as exports (foreign carriers) and resident carriers' fuel bought abroad as imports; the fuel of vehicle fleets owned by non-transport firms (20% of road diesel) is distributed to those firms. Step 2 - The IOT in 22 sectors before hybridisation The combined row and column of crude petroleum + coke & refined petroleum are split into Coke, Oil & NTF and Transport fuels: each sale is split by the market-value shares of the three products. Step 3 - Decision: IOT expense or volume x price For each of the 8 x 25 energy cells the sheet shows the volume, the market value (volume x market price), the IOT expense, their ratio and a decision. The default rule is: no volume -> expense set to zero and moved to Other services; no IOT expense -> volume x price; ratio inside the tolerance band -> the IOT expense is kept and the price becomes the implied price; otherwise -> volume x price ("EB x EP"). Any cell can be overridden by typing IOT or EB x EP in the override block. Step 4 - Re-balancing the energy sectors The eight energy rows are replaced by the decided expenses. For each energy column the energy inputs, the imports and the product taxes less subsidies are kept and the other inputs, GVA and trade & transport margins are scaled so that resources equal uses. Step 5 - Re-balancing through Other services, GDP intact For every non-energy sector the change in its energy costs is offset in its purchase of Other services, so that the sector's output and GVA are unchanged; for every non-energy product the Other services column absorbs the difference so that the product's intermediate sales are unchanged; the Other services x Other services cell keeps total intermediate use; Other services PFCE, exports and imports absorb the changes in energy PFCE, exports and imports; and Other services GVA, margins and product taxes are set so that the economy totals are unchanged. Step 6 - Final matrix and checks Final_hyb_mat shows the expenses (22 x 22 plus final demand, imports, margins and taxes), the energy volumes, the energy prices, the implied prices recomputed as expense / volume, the price x volume - expense check.
Institutions
- Indian Institute of Management LucknowUttar Pradesh, Lucknow