Demand-Mediated Rather Than Productivity-Led Wages: Evidence from Albania
Description
This replication package supports the study Demand-Mediated Rather Than Productivity-Led Wages: Evidence from Albania. It contains the final manuscript, original and harmonised datasets, intermediate data transformations, and exported econometric results. The principal annual dataset covers Albania over 2000–2024, although the effective estimation period varies according to data availability and the lag structure. The variables include private- and public-sector wages, the public–private wage differential, gross domestic product, labour productivity, consumer prices, unemployment, investment, final consumption, remittances, migration-related indicators, human development, capital, labour, education and technology measures. The original data originate from the Institute of Statistics of Albania (INSTAT), the World Bank’s World Development Indicators, Eurostat and the author’s dissertation databases. The harmonised files document the construction of consistent annual series, logarithmic and growth-rate transformations, indexed variables and supplementary macroeconomic indicators. The results files contain ARDL and UECM estimates, lag-selection exercises, bounds tests, unit-root and residual diagnostics, correlation and variance inflation factor analyses, principal-component results, fixed-sample robustness checks, European wage-benchmark comparisons and supplementary historical tests. The package is organised into manuscript, raw data, clean/intermediate data and model-results sections. A SHA-256 inventory is included to verify the integrity and provenance of every file.
Files
Steps to reproduce
Open 01_manuscript/preprint_glocker_manuscript.docx and consult the Methodology and Appendix sections for variable definitions, model specifications, lag orders, bounds tests and diagnostic procedures. Begin with the original data in 02_raw_data. The SharePoint/INSTAT workbook contains the underlying Albanian wage series. The World Bank and Eurostat files provide the macroeconomic and European wage-benchmark indicators. The dissertation workbooks contain the historical capital, labour, education, technology, migration and human-development series used in the supplementary interpretation. Use the harmonised datasets in 03_clean_intermediate/harmonized_core as the principal analytical inputs. Variables are aligned by year, converted to consistent units and transformed into nominal, real, logarithmic, growth-rate or indexed form as specified in the manuscript. The files in dissertation_exports document the intermediate transformations and supplementary historical series. Estimate the annual autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and unrestricted error-correction model (UECM) specifications reported in the manuscript. Explore candidate lag structures using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), but give interpretive priority to Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC)-supported and parsimonious specifications. Apply the model orders reported in the Appendix tables. Estimate separate model blocks for gross domestic product, labour productivity and the combined GDP–productivity specification. Include consumer prices, unemployment and investment as controls. Use heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent (HAC/Newey–West) standard errors and conduct bounds, serial-correlation, heteroskedasticity, unit-root, correlation, variance inflation factor and principal-component checks. Use 04_model_results/baseline_ardl to compare the core ARDL estimates and diagnostics. The files in glocker_extensions contain lag-depth tests, fixed-sample checks, WDI robustness exercises, correlation matrices, VIF results and the dissertation bridge. The european_wage_benchmark files contain the supplementary comparison with European wage indicators. Compare the reproduced coefficients, test statistics and diagnostic decisions with Tables 1–16 and Figures 1–11 in the manuscript. Small numerical differences may arise from software-specific finite-sample, lag-selection or HAC settings.
Institutions
- University of TiranaTirana, Tirana