Ibarra et al_2024
Description
The data were collected from the Laboratory of Biogeochemistry and Soil Organic Matter at the Institute of Geology, as well as the Laboratory of Soil Biogeochemistry at the Institute of Research in Ecosystems and Sustainability at UNAM. The soil samples underwent analyses for macromorphological description, assessment of biogeochemical variables, thermal characterization of organic matter using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and mineralogical characterization through Attenuated Total Reflectance/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR). These analyses serve as a biogeochemical and archaeological technical framework.The ATR/FT-IR spectra and TIC revealed the introduction of carbonate materials, while the accumulation of pyrolyzed organic matter in the anthropic fills is evidenced by increased C:N, and C:Po ratios, TOC, TN, and SOM thermal recalcitrance levels. The higher P in the soil HCl fraction was attributed to oxygen deficiency. In contrast, in anthropized soil, alkalinity was induced by adding carbonates, resulting in the dominance of the fractions PoHCl and H2SO4. These changes produce a deviation of the natural pedogenesis route and soil functioning. These findings were most clearly discerned through the combined analysis of these methods, which allowed for evaluating the consequences of soil alteration in an ancient Maya site.