Supplementary materials for: Text-dominant decision-making by large multimodal models in dermatology clinical challenges

Description

Supplemental Table 1: Metadata of JDCR case challenge Supplemental Table 2.1: Prompts used to query LMMs Supplemental Table 2.2: Answers from ChatGPT-o1 (“o1-2024-12-17”) to Case Challenge under three input conditions. Supplemental Table 2.3: Answers from ChatGPT-5.2 (“gpt-5.2-2025-12-11”) to Case Challenge under three input conditions. Supplemental Table 2.4: Answers from Gemini 3 (“gemini-3-pro-preview”) to Case Challenge under three input conditions. Supplemental Table 2.5: Answers from Mistral (“pixtral-large-2411”) to Case Challenge under three input conditions. Other Supplemental Results +Supplemental Figure 1: Distribution of model-generated explanations in semantic embedding space +Supplemental Table 3: Default API settings of each compared model +Supplemental Table 4: Consistency of answer choice selection across runs +Supplemental Table 5: Comparison of single-run and mean accuracies +Supplemental Table 6: Analysis of image-anchored model explanations +Appendix: Annotations of image-anchored explanations for 10 vignettes

Institutions

• West Virginia University

  WV, Morgantown

Categories

Funders

• U.S. National Science Foundation

  Virginia, United States

  Grant ID: 2125872

Licence