Importance of pressure to the mean fluid temperature distribution in steam reformers for hydrogen production using microreactor technology
Description
The mean fluid temperature data are obtained for illustrating the effect of pressure on the thermal performance of steam reformers for hydrogen production using microreactor technology. The reactor system is in the form of a catalytic coating on a substrate composed of ceramic or metal walls defining straight reforming or oxidation channels which are parallel to each other and to the axis of the reactor. Relatively high mass transfer is provided by using low hydraulic diameter channels. The reactor system offers relatively simple designs and operation. Such a reactor system is typically adiabatic in nature, meaning no heat is added in addition to the exothermic reaction heat release. The reactor system is operated using excess air and water steam. Methanol and air are mixed homogeneously and the mixture is fed directly into the oxidation channels in a specific ratio. Preferably, excess water steam is provided to the reactor to increase efficiency and to maintain operability, for example, to prevent carbon formation. The reactor provides for continuous and simultaneous reaction of two different process reaction streams in the channels defined between the walls, wherein a first process reaction stream undergoes a high temperature exothermic reaction in the first set of flow channels and a second process reaction stream undergoes an endothermic heat-consuming reaction in the second set of flow channels separated from the first set of flow channels by the heat transfer separating walls. More specifically, the reactor system includes a set of reforming channels for steam reformation of methanol and a set of oxidation channels for heating the reactor system to operating temperature. A separating wall therefore separates two adjacent reaction zones and also functions to transfer heat from the oxidation occurring at the catalyst surface in the oxidation zone directly to the reforming catalyst coated on the opposed surface. The channels are 0.7 millimeters in height and in width and 30.0 millimeters in length. The oxidation catalyst consists essentially of oxides of copper, zinc and aluminum. The reforming catalyst consists essentially of copper and oxides of zinc and aluminum. The exothermic and endothermic processes are conducted with a methanol-air equivalence ratio of 0.8 and a steam-to-methanol molar ratio of 1.17. The inlet temperature of the mixtures is 373 degrees kelvin. The gas velocity is 2.0 meters per second at the reforming channel inlets and 0.6 meters per second at the oxidation channel inlets, thereby assuring sufficient heat in the reactor. Contributor: Junjie Chen, E-mail address: koncjj@gmail.com, ORCID: 0000-0002-5022-6863, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China
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Steps to reproduce
To solve the conservation equations, a segregated solution solver with an under-relaxation method is used. The segregated solver first solves the momentum equations, then solves the continuity equation, and updates the pressure and mass flow rate. The energy and species equations are subsequently solved and convergence is checked. Parallel processing is used.