The Imperative Speech Acts of College Community in Ternate, Indonesia
Description
This study aims to describe the context's nature and role in interpreting the formal form of people's imperative speech acts in higher education settings in Ternate. A qualitative method was carried out on the content analysis to analyze the form of communication content among students, administrative staff, and teachers at Muhammadiyah University of North Maluku, Indonesia. The research procedure was started by collecting data in the form of imperative speech acts (verbal and nonverbal) and a combination of the two obtained through observation, recording, and field notes. The data was then interpreted comprehensively and summarized narratively for the conclusions. The results show that the formal form of imperative speech act in the local language of Ternate, used by the community college at UMMU, retains the basic verb in utterances. The findings suggest that teachers, students, and administrative staff effectively use the relevant speech acts in presenting and reacting to criticism, providing instruction, and handling concerns. Furthermore, new users of Ternate’s local language should understand the imperative speech act based on the verb form to produce and comprehend the utterances during communication.
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This study uses a qualitative approach with content analysis methods at the college in the city of Ternate. The content analysis method is used because the analysis of this study is in the form of communication content, either in the form of conversation or written text. In other words, the qualitative approach was used to analyze the data comprehensively and to describe it based on objects and empirical data related to speech acts. Krippendorff (2004) states that "content analysis is the use of replicable and valid methods to make specific inferences from the text on other statements or properties of the source." The study was done on 4 students, 7 teachers, and 4 administrative staff at the Faculty of Education, Muhammadiyah University of North Maluku (UMMU) in Ternate, Indonesia. The study includes the context of speech: utterances, speakers, speech partners, attitudes and actions carried out by speakers and speech partners, or things that the conversation might be heard, observed, and experienced. In addition to observations, field notes play a role and help complete the research data. The instrument in this study was the researcher, assisted by work analysis tables. Sugiyono (2010) claimed that in qualitative research, the instrument or research tool is the researcher himself, who determines the research focus, selects informants as data sources, collects data, assesses data quality, analyzes and interprets the data, then draws conclusions based on the findings. Data regarding speech acts are analyzed and interpreted based on their respective functions. The table analysis supports the data tabulation in terms of the percentage of utterances found during the study. The research procedure was started by providing or collecting data in the form of imperative speech acts (verbal and nonverbal) and a combination of the two obtained through observation, recording, and field notes. The data collection was classified based on the function of imperative speech acts, whether it is independent or separate from the others. The data was then interpreted comprehensively and summarized for the conclusions. The comprehensive interpretation refers to the information that was interpreted based on the context of the narrative situation. The context refers to the purpose of the speech. Through context, the content of communication, both orally and in writing, will become clear.