Data supporting: The impact of acupuncture for smoking cessation: an integrative review
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Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco use is currently responsible for more than seven million deaths worldwide each year. In Brazil, the prevalence of tobacco use is 11.7% of the population. New treatment approaches, such as acupuncture, have been investigated to achieve higher smoking cessation rates while reducing adverse effects and treatment costs. Objectives: To evaluate the role of acupuncture for smoking cessation. Methods: An integrative review was conducted across global medical literature databases. Two independent reviewers screened 2,153 records, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials published since 2000 were selected. Out of 128 eligible articles, 12 studies were included in the final sample. Data were extracted using a standardized approach, focusing on the following outcome measures: smoking cessation, daily cigarette consumption, nicotine dependence, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels. The results were subsequently organized into tables. Methodological quality was assessed. Results: Evidence, although characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, indicated that acupuncture increased smoking cessation rates, particularly in the short term, and reduced nicotine withdrawal symptoms when used as a single intervention. Greater effectiveness was observed when acupuncture was combined with other interventions, such as nicotine replacement therapy and behavioral therapy. Conversely, some studies reported comparable outcomes between acupuncture and sham acupuncture, as well as a decline in treatment effectiveness, particularly regarding long-term smoking cessation rates. Conclusion: Acupuncture appears to have a positive impact on smoking cessation. However, further high-quality studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness both as a single intervention and as an adjunctive therapy. Keywords: smoking, smoking habit, smoking cessation, acupuncture therapy, acupuncture, auriculotherapy, ear acupuncture. This dataset contains the quality assessment tables (AMSTAR 2, Jadad, and QSAT), intervention protocols, , and supplementary material supporting the integrative review entitled "
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The first stage of this integrative literature review focused on identifying studies that addressed the primary objective of evaluating the effectiveness of acupuncture for smoking cessation, as well as its effects on nicotine dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Searches were conducted in the major medical literature databases, including PubMed, the Virtual Health Library (VHL), CINAHL, Web of Science (WoS), the Cochrane Library, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), using the descriptors smoking, smoking habit, smoking cessation, acupuncture therapy, acupuncture, and auriculotherapy. The complete search strategy will be made available in the Mendeley Data repository. A total of 2,153 records were identified and screened using the Rayyan software [8]. After duplicate removal, 1,335 records remained and were independently screened by two reviewers using the PICO framework (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, published after 2000 were selected because they represent the highest level of scientific evidence [9 ]. Following title and abstract screening, 131 articles were assessed for eligibility by consensus between the two reviewers, resulting in the inclusion of 19 studies. After full-text assessment, seven RCTs were excluded because their data had already been incorporated into the systematic reviews included in this review. Consequently, the final sample comprised 12 studies, including seven systematic reviews and five randomized controlled trials (Table 1). The PRISMA flow diagram is available ( figura1) Data were extracted using a standardized approach, focusing on the following outcome measures: smoking cessation, daily cigarette consumption, nicotine dependence, nicotine withdrawal symptoms, and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels and the results were subsequently organized into tables. Methodological quality was assessed using the Jadad Scale, QSAT, and AMSTAR 2 instruments [10],[11],[12]