COMPARING EXERCISES WITH AND WITHOUT ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC BIOFEEDBACK IN SUBACROMIAL PAIN SYNDROME: A RANDOMIZED BLIND STUDY
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Study data: "COMPARING EXERCISES WITH AND WITHOUT ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC BIOFEEDBACK IN SUBACROMIAL PAIN SYNDROME: A RANDOMIZED BLIND STUDY. The data show the average of two measurements for each variable. The variables description and form of acquisition are described in the study.
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Volunteers between 35 and 60 years old with a diagnosis of SPS and without indication of surgical repair were selected. All volunteers should have unilateral pain in one shoulder with a score between 3 and 8 on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for at least 2 months, BMI < 30 kg/m2, and at least three of the following five eligibility criteria: Neer, Hawkins, Jobe or Patte positive; involvement of the supraspinatus and/or infraspinatus tendon, without degenerative characteristics, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. After collecting personal and anthropometric data, the volunteers underwent an initial assessment to record the baseline measures. The second evaluation was carried out four weeks after beginning the protocol; the third at the end of the eight-week intervention protocol; and the fourth follow-up evaluation at four weeks after the end of the protocol, totaling a 12-week follow-up period and four evaluations. Pain assessment was performed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The volunteers were instructed to mark the intensity level on the scale based on the last 24 hours. The scale consists of 11 items, zero of which is described as “no pain” and 10 as “worst possible pain” in its extremities. Upper limb (UL) function was recorded using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. The volunteers were instructed to answer the questionnaires according to the evaluators’ instructions. The range of motion (ROM) was actively recorded, adapted from the study by Werner et al. (2014). The clinometer smartphone application (Plaincode Software Solutions) was used for volunteers. The average of two assessments was measured for flexion, hyperextension, medial and lateral rotation of the shoulder. Muscular Strength (MS) was recorded by the average of two maximum voluntary isometric contractions of five seconds for flexion, hyperextension, medial rotation, lateral rotation and protrusion movements of the shoulder with the aid of verbal stimulation and a 30-second interval between them using a manual digital dynamometer . The muscle activation amplitude (Root Mean Square), The volunteers performed 5-second isometric contractions with a load at 60° and 90° angles in the scapular plane (40° shoulder abduction). Each volunteer performed a test elevating their upper limb (UL) with 2kg, 1kg and 0.5kg dumbbells to determine the load used. The defined load was measured by the Borg effort scale which did not exceed “moderate effort”. A three-dimensional analysis of the shoulder complex movement: The angular values of the scapulothoracic joint were analyzed in a position maintained at 60º and 90º of humeral elevation. The kinematic evaluation was performed concurrently with the electromyographic activity. The raw data was low-pass filtered at a frequency of 6 Hz and converted to anatomically defined rotations (Ludewig and Cook, 2000; Wu et al., 2005).