SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Immune Response
Description
Research Data, SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Immune Response, for “Humoral and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Ocrelizumab” by Katz J.D., Bouley A.J., Jungquist R.M., Douglas E.A., O’Shea I.L., Lathi E.S. Ocrelizumab has been shown to reduce the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but the T-cell response has not yet been fully characterized. We sought to provide data regarding B and T-cell mediated responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in OCR-treated patients, and to determine what variables correlate with vaccine immunogenicity. In this prospective, single center, observational cohort study, we evaluated the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines 3-4 weeks post-vaccination in adult multiple sclerosis patients treated with OCR, using natalizumab as a real-world comparator. We then assessed the T-cell response for those OCR-treated patients who did not produce detectable antibodies. Participants were multiple sclerosis patients who met revised 2017 McDonald criteria,10 ages 18 to 55 years, with an EDSS of 0 to 5.5, who were treated with either OCR or NTZ for a minimum of 6 months. Upon consent, basic demographic and medical history information was collected from patient medical records (see descriptions below). The primary endpoint of this study was the production of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies 4 weeks after completion of vaccination. Antibody test results were defined as either positive (≥0.80 U/mL) or negative (<0.80 U/mL) as per the manufacturer’s guidelines. Six (18.2%) of the OCR-treated patients had a positive antibody response. All 15 of the NTZ-treated patients produced a positive response. Of the six OCR-treated patients who produced antibodies, only one had a result that exceeded the upper limit of 250 U/mL, whereas all but one (93.3%) of the NTZ-treated patients exceeded the upper limit. There was no correlation between antibody response and age, sex, BMI, vaccine type, number of infusion cycles, and IgG, CD19, or ALC. There was a trend suggesting that a longer interval between the last infusion and vaccination increased the likelihood of producing antibodies (P=0.062). Of the OCR-treated patients that had a negative antibody response, all patients (N=27) had a positive adaptive T-cell response.