Relationship between body regional fat and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and young adults
Description
This study extracted population data from four cycles of the NHANES 2011-2018, as other cycles did not contain information on RFM and RFP. In the NHANES, the age distribution of the population undergoing RFM and RFP measurements ranged from 8 to 59 years. The measurement of RFM and RFP was conducted using DXA. RFM included HFM, AFM, TFM, and LFM, with the original units in grams (g). RFP included head fat percentage (HFP), arm fat percentage (AFP), trunk fat percentage (TFP), and leg fat percentage (LFP). In this study, data on CVD were extracted from the Medical Conditions Questionnaire (MCQ) module in the NHANES, where MCQ information was obtained through personal interviews. In this study, CVD was defined to include congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina, heart attack, and stroke, with the corresponding variables in MCQ being MCQ160B, MCQ160C, MCQ160D, MCQ160E, and MCQ160F. CVD includes other diseases as well, but owing to the lack of related information in the NHANES, CVD in this study was defined based on the aforementioned diseases. The main covariates in this study were age, sex, race, educational level, poverty level, smoking status, BMI, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Smoking was defined as the smoking of at least 100 cigarettes per day. Obesity was defined as a BMI ≥ 28. Diabetes was defined based on a history of diabetes, hemoglobin A1c level ≥ 6.5%, or a fasting blood glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dL. Hypertension was defined based on a history of hypertension, the use of antihypertensive medication, or having a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg on at least 3 days in the examination module. Dyslipidemia included a history of lipid disorder, total cholesterol ≥ 6.2 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein ≥ 1.4 mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein < 1.0 mmol/L, non-high-density lipoprotein ≥ 4.9 mmol/L, and triglycerides ≥ 2.3 mmol/L, with any one of these criteria being met.