Consumption, nicotine dependence and motivation for smoke cessation during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: An observational cross sectional study
Description
2 Introduction Smoking habits may change during COVID-19 pandemic and this information is relevant to improve COVID-19 prevention and control measures for smoking population. The aim of the study was to analyze the consumption of tobacco, levels of nicotine dependence and motivation for smoke cessation during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Also to identify previous knowledge of smokers about use of tobacco and complications from COVID-19. Methods In this survey, observational prospective study, 122 smokers responded an online form (Google Forms). Between April and May 2020 (M1), patients provided general data and history of smoking habits. Fagerstrom and Wisconsin scale were also measured. Participants answered questions about prior knowledge of smoking and complications of COVID-19. Participants answered how pandemic period is influencing their habits and consumption of tobacco. After 30 to 45 days (M2), the same questionnaires were reapplied. Results Daily consumption of cigarettes did not change (p=0.85). In motivation for smoking cessation, no differences were identified between M1 and M2 (p=0.17), also for the level of nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom) (p=0.68) and nicotine withdrawal symptoms (Wisconsin Scale) (p=0.85). We identified a correlation between cigarettes/day before pandemic with motivation for smoking cessation (r= 0,19; p= 0,03) and nicotine dependence level (r= 0,61; p= P<0.001). No significant correlations were observed between load consumption in M1 (during pandemic) and motivation (r= 0,13; p= 0,12). Although a significant association were observed with nicotine dependence level (r= 0,69, p= P<0.001). Conclusions We conclude that consumption, motivation, and levels of nicotine dependence were not modified during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.