Mathematical Social Sciences

Computer program calculating our non-dictatorship index for the respective voting rules.

The data are provided by the Recommendation Team at Microsoft Research and include information on historical purchases of applications from the Microsoft store. The training set includes a random sample of 1000 users. For each user, data include variables indicating whether she has or has not bought an item in a specific game category (e.g., 'role-playing' or 'music')..

Theories of decision-making are routinely based on the notion that decision-makers choose alternatives which align with their underlying preferences – and hence that their preferences can be inferred from their choices. In some situations, however, a decision-maker may wish to hide his or her preferences from an onlooker. This dataset contains the results of an obfuscation game that was designed to explore whether decision-makers, when properly incentivized, would be able to obfuscate effectively, and which heuristics they employ to do so.

Theories of decision-making are routinely based on the notion that decision-makers choose alternatives which align with their underlying preferences – and hence that their preferences can be inferred from their choices. In some situations, however, a decision-maker may wish to hide his or her preferences from an onlooker. This dataset contains the results of an obfuscation game that was designed to explore whether decision-makers, when properly incentivized, would be able to obfuscate effectively, and which heuristics they employ to do so.

This study shows the superiority of α-divergence over Samuels and Snyder’s MAL index for 73 countries, using Samuels and Snyder’s database. As α-divergence rests on a philosophical basis, that is, a microfoundation, we calculate the degree of malapportionment in terms of each philosophy of apportionment and/or presume the apportionment principles of countries. Furthermore, we decompose the malapportionment factors into the existence of special districts, apportionment to the states, and districting. Therefore, measuring the degree of malapportionment must be based not on distance, but on α-divergence.