Behavioural Brain Research

Fig. 1. Photograph of the study apparatus. Fig. 2. Effects of SNAP infusion (10 or 20 nmol/0.2 μl) in the dPAG on ethological and spatiotemporal measures. (A) Freezing time; (B) stretched-attend posture (SAP); (C) time in contact with the grid wall; and (D) time in the protected area. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001 compared with the control group injected with vehicle. n = 8-10 mice/group). Fig. 3. Effects of L-NAME infusion (100 or 300 nmol/0.2 μl) in the dPAG on ethological and spatiotemporal measures. (A) Freezing time; (B) stretched-attend posture (SAP); (C) time in contact with the grid wall; and (D) time in the protected area. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 compared with the control group injected with vehicle. n = 8-10 mice/group). Fig. 4. Effects of PcTx-1 infusion (20 or 50 ng/0.2 μl) in the dPAG on ethological and spatiotemporal measures. (A) Freezing time; (B) stretched-attend posture (SAP); (C) time in contact with the grid wall; and (D) time in the protected area. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (* P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01 compared with the control group injected with vehicle. n = 8-10 mice/group). Fig. 5. Effects of SNAP treatment on ASIC1a, p-CaMKIIα, and CaM expression levels in the dPAG. Representative Western blot image (A) and results of quantification of the expression levels of ASIC1a (B), p-CaMKIIα (C) and CaM (D) in the vehicle control (0) and SNAP treatment groups. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with the control group). Fig. 6. Effects of L-NAME treatment on ASIC1a, p-CaMKIIα, and CaM expression levels in the dPAG. Representative Western blot image (A) and results of quantification of the expression levels of ASIC1a (B), p-CaMKIIα (C) and CaM (D) in the vehicle control (0) and SNAP treatment groups. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with the control group). Fig. 7. Effects of PcTx-1 treatment on p-CaMKIIα and CaM expression levels in the dPAG. Representative Western blot image (A) and analysis to quantify the expression levels of p-CaMKIIα (B) and CaM (C) in the vehicle control (0) and SNAP treatment groups. Significant differences between the treatment and control groups were determined via one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure (*P < 0.05 compared with the control group).

Research Data for the manuscript under review "Attentional responses to stimuli associated with a reward can occur in the absence of knowledge of their predictive values" Mateo Leganes Fonteneau, Ryan Scott, Theodora Duka. School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH. UK. T.Duka@sussex.ac.uk; M.Leganes-Fonteneau@sussex.ac.uk Consciousness Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QH UK. R.B.Scott@sussex.ac.uk Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QH UK.

Selected publications on rat stereotaxy and data obtained from them. Strains: F=Fischer; L=Lewis; LE=Long-Evans; LH=Lister-hooded; nr=not reported; SD=Sprague-Dawley; W=Wistar. Sex: F=female, F+M=female and male; M=male; nr=not reported. Number of subjects: nr=not reported. Laterality: B=bilateral, L=left; nr=not reported; R=right. AP coordinates=anteroposterior coordinates ML coordinates=mediolateral coordinates AP/ML reference=stereotaxic reference used for anteroposterior and mediolateral coordinates: B=bregma; CS=calamus scriptorius; IA=interaural line; L=lambda; OC=occipital crest. DV coordinates=dorsoventral coordinates DV reference=stereotaxic reference used for dorsoventral coordinates: B=bregma; D=dura/brain surface; IA=interaural line; S=skull. Implant/procedure: BPS=biopsy; C=cannula implantation; ELE=electrode implantation; EXT=extraction; FUS=focused ultrasound; INJ=injection; MD=microdialysis catheter implantation; OCT=optical coherence tomography probe implantation; THM=thermode implantation. Accuracy verification method: EP=electrophysiology; H=histology; MR=magnetic resonance imaging; nr=not reported; *=intraventricular/intracisternal injection. Stereotaxic atlas: K=König and Klippel; nr=not reported; P=Paxinos. Grey text represents deducted data with some uncertainty due to insufficient reporting. Grey highlighted text represents data deducted from growth curves as explained in the Material and methods section.

We provide the raw data of the manuscript with the title of "Hyperbaric oxygen therapy restored traumatic stress-induced dysregulation of fear memory and related neurochemical abnormalities "

Fig1:Flow chart for the systematic literature search. Fig2. Forest plot demonstrating the association between gut α-synuclein and PD(CI, confidence interval; PD, Parkinson’s disease; OR, odds ratio). Fig3. Forest plot in subgroup analysis demonstrating the association between gut α-synuclein and PD(a: subgroup analyzes by IHC sites; b: subgroup analyzes by antibody species). Fig4. SROC curve(a: sites:colon and stomach; b:antibody: α-synuclein and phosphorylated α-synuclein).

ICC data

Data set

Abstract: While animal research has consistently reported preventive effectiveness of exercise against drug abuse vulnerability, little is known about the influence of the developmental stage during which exercise is displayed on addictive drugs responsiveness. The aim of this study was to determine whether prenatal exercise could attenuate cocaine acute reactivity and psychomotor sensitization in youth offspring. We used a split-plot factorial design where C57BL/6J females were randomly assigned into sedentary or exercised (wheel-running) conditions before and during gestation, the wheels being removed on gestational day 18. Offspring were weaned, gendered and individually housed on 24-28 days old. At 38-42 days old, they were tested for their acute psychomotor responsiveness to 8 mg/kg cocaine and their initiation of sensitization over 8 additional once-daily administrations, the long-term expression of sensitization occurring 30 days later. Adolescent females born from exercised mothers were much less responsive to the acute psychomotor-stimulating effect of cocaine than those born from sedentary mothers (d = 0.75, p = .02), whereas there was no evidence for such a difference in males (d = 0.34, p = .17). However, we did not find sizeable attenuating effects of prenatal exercise on the initiation and the long-term expression of the psychomotor-activating effect of cocaine, in either sex (Cohen’s ds varying from -0.13 to 0.39). These results suggest that prenatal exercise may induce initial protection against cocaine responsiveness in youth females, a finding that warrants further research.

Exploration times in experiments 1-7

Proteomics raw data for both the hippocampus and frontro-ventral areas.