Journal of Dentistry

Potential of Tailored Amorphous Multiporous Calcium Silicate Glass for Regenerative Endodontics – A Preliminary Assessment Jie Liu1, Chao-An Chen1,3, Xiaofei Zhu1,2, Brian Morrow1, Ukrit Thamma4, Tia J. Kowal5, Hassan M. Moawad4, Matthias M. Falk5, Himanshu Jain4,*, George T.-J. Huang1,*

Objectives: This study aimed to morphologically investigate the distribution of the adhesive layer when placed prior, or subsequent, to matrix positioning in direct-bonded Class II RBC restorations. An additional aim was to evaluate possible differences when using two-step (CSE, Clearfil SE Bond2) or one-step adhesive system (CU, Clearfil Universal Bond Quick). Methods: Standardized mesio-occlusal and disto-occlusal cavities were prepared on 20 human molars. Teeth were randomly allocated to two protocols according to the positioning of contoured sectional metal matrices before (M->A, n=10), or after adhesive application (A->M, n=10). Both adhesive systems were additioned with crystal violet dye (CV, 10 vol%). Specimen sections were evaluated using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microshear bond strength test (μ-SBS) of CV-additioned adhesives was performed on enamel and dentin of 12 additional molars. Rods of CV-additioned adhesives were subjected to three-point bend test (3PB). Results: M->A produced a layer of adhesive both on tooth-restoration interface and on external restoration surfaces in contact with the matrix. A->M produced a thin layer of adhesive on external tooth surfaces, well beyond cavity and RBC restoration margins. In all restorations, excess RBC material with uneven margins was observed protruding over the cervical margin. μ-SBS: CV addition showed a 10-fold reduction in adhesion forces when CU+CV was used on dentine. 3PB: CSE yielded higher flexural strength values than CU. CV addition reduced flexural strength of CSE.

The dataset "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for orthognathic and cleft patients with analytic reference lines and lip positioning assessment" contains measurements and analyses related to four studies investigating the potential of 3D facial imaging in craniofacial practice. The dataset includes four folders, each with files related to specific measurements and analyses conducted in each study. The first folder, "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for orthognathic patients," contains files related to the digital and direct anthropometry measurements for orthognathic patients. The second folder, "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for cleft patients," contains files related to the digital and direct anthropometry measurements for cleft patients. The third folder, "Profile Image Analysis Dataset with Analytic Reference Line Measurements," contains files related to the measurements for various analytic reference lines, aesthetically pleasing profile subjects, and moviestars sorted according to S and E line criteria. The fourth folder, "Facial Convexity and Lip Positioning Measurements in Pre and Post-Surgery Groups, based on True and Modified Chin Position," contains files related to the facial convexity angle and lip positioning measurements in pre and post-surgery groups, based on true and modified chin position. The files provide comprehensive data on the facial morphology and treatment outcomes of orthognathic and cleft patients, as well as the reliability and validity of using 3D facial imaging for clinical applications. The first study, "Can smartphones be used for routine dental clinical application? A validation study for using smartphone-generated 3d facial images," involves the validation of using smartphone-generated 3D facial images for routine dental clinical applications. The second study, "Smartphone-generated 3d facial images: reliable for routine assessment of the oronasal region of patients with cleft or mere convenience? A validation study," validates the reliability of using smartphone-generated 3D facial images for the routine assessment of the oronasal region of patients with cleft. The third study, "The reliability of analytic reference lines for determining aesthetically pleasing lip position: an assessment of consistency, sensitivity, and specificity," assesses the reliability of analytic reference lines in determining aesthetically pleasing lip position. Finally, the fourth study, "Determining post-orthognathic surgery profile: a validation study on the potential of modified chin point as a reliable predictor," investigates the potential of modified chin point as a reliable predictor of post-orthognathic surgery profile

The files provided are the raw un-edited transcripts from the focus group discussions detailed below that is part of the publication supported by this study as per the following abstract:Objectives: (i) Identify suitable strategies and opportunities to embed Environmental Sustainability (ES) within an existing Oral Health Professional (OHP) curriculum through a series of focus groups with students and academic staff and (ii) Create high-level evidence-based and subject-specific ES content through an approach grounded in evidence and collaboration with key stakeholders in OHP education.Methods: Focus groups were used to explore academic staff and student views on appropriate teaching and assessment methods for ES. Content statements were developed from an extensive literature search, mapped to curriculum subjects, and validated through consultation with students, discipline-experts and education-experts.Results: Five themes were identified from the focus groups: Environmental Sustainability transcends all disciplines of dentistry and oral healthcare; Baseline knowledge transmission with relevant practical application; Viewing and modifying existing teaching and assessment events through a different lens; Normalising the topic of Environmental Sustainability to support attitude and behaviour change and Safeguarding against misinformation and disinformation. Content statements were developed and mapped to 19 curriculum subjects.Conclusions: Environmental Sustainability is a challenging concept to incorporate in the OHP curriculum. This research explores key stakeholder opinion on strategies to embed ES in existing curricula. A novel method of defining and mapping evidence-based curriculum content to all curriculum subjects has been demonstrated. These statements can be directly applied to existing educational events by all educators as they see fit.Clinical Significance: Oral healthcare has a significant environmental impact, the key to all mitigation strategies is by educating the profession at all levels.

This data supports the publication in the Journal of Dentistry, January 2024.Article Title: The environmental consequences of oral healthcare provision by the dental teamObjectivesTo undertake a comparative ecological impact (Total lifetime carbon footprint and single use plastics (SUP) waste generation) derived from the provision of professional oral healthcare (Dentists and hygienist) to five different patient categories up to the age of 50 years, representative of different levels of progressive dental disease and treatment experience.MethodCO2e and SUP waste generated was calculated for five patient categories with common preventable diseases; that are representative of different levels of progressive dental disease and treatment experience. The assessment is based on the average restorative care levels for 50-year-olds in the UK. The number of appointments for each procedure was calculated using current evidence-based guidelines. The total lifetime carbon and the SUP waste analysis was calculated using published peer-reviewed data.ResultsThe total carbon footprint follows a progression with low impacts for individual persons with very low disease and treatment experience (285 KgCO2e), escalating to very high impacts (approximately 2,170 KgCO2e) for people with high levels of disease and treatment experience. SUP waste follows a similar linear rise across the different cohorts of dental experience over a lifetime (6-50 years), from 1382 items and 4.6 Kg for patients in a the very low dental experience, to 12,200 items and 33.8Kg for patients in the cohort of very high dental experience.ConclusionsThe provision of all oral healthcare carries an environmental impact in the form of carbon footprint and SUP waste. The cumulative lifetime environmental impact of oral healthcare is proportional to the disease and treatment experience of the individual person for these preventable diseases; with a x8 difference between the two extremes of experience.Clinical SignificanceAll forms of oral healthcare have an environmental impact.The most effective way to mitigate these impacts is through the promotion and provision of effective evidence-based preventive oral healthcare.

The dataset "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for orthognathic and cleft patients with analytic reference lines and lip positioning assessment" contains measurements and analyses related to four studies investigating the potential of 3D facial imaging in craniofacial practice. The dataset includes four folders, each with files related to specific measurements and analyses conducted in each study. The first folder, "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for orthognathic patients," contains files related to the digital and direct anthropometry measurements for orthognathic patients. The second folder, "Anthropometric and Digital measurements for cleft patients," contains files related to the digital and direct anthropometry measurements for cleft patients. The third folder, "Profile Image Analysis Dataset with Analytic Reference Line Measurements," contains files related to the measurements for various analytic reference lines, aesthetically pleasing profile subjects, and moviestars sorted according to S and E line criteria. The fourth folder, "Facial Convexity and Lip Positioning Measurements in Pre and Post-Surgery Groups, based on True and Modified Chin Position," contains files related to the facial convexity angle and lip positioning measurements in pre and post-surgery groups, based on true and modified chin position. The files provide comprehensive data on the facial morphology and treatment outcomes of orthognathic and cleft patients, as well as the reliability and validity of using 3D facial imaging for clinical applications. The first study, "Can smartphones be used for routine dental clinical application? A validation study for using smartphone-generated 3d facial images," involves the validation of using smartphone-generated 3D facial images for routine dental clinical applications. The second study, "Smartphone-generated 3d facial images: reliable for routine assessment of the oronasal region of patients with cleft or mere convenience? A validation study," validates the reliability of using smartphone-generated 3D facial images for the routine assessment of the oronasal region of patients with cleft. The third study, "The reliability of analytic reference lines for determining aesthetically pleasing lip position: an assessment of consistency, sensitivity, and specificity," assesses the reliability of analytic reference lines in determining aesthetically pleasing lip position. Finally, the fourth study, "Determining post-orthognathic surgery profile: a validation study on the potential of modified chin point as a reliable predictor," investigates the potential of modified chin point as a reliable predictor of post-orthognathic surgery profile

The files provided are the raw un-edited transcripts from the focus group discussions detailed below that is part of the publication supported by this study as per the following abstract:Objectives: (i) Identify suitable strategies and opportunities to embed Environmental Sustainability (ES) within an existing Oral Health Professional (OHP) curriculum through a series of focus groups with students and academic staff and (ii) Create high-level evidence-based and subject-specific ES content through an approach grounded in evidence and collaboration with key stakeholders in OHP education.Methods: Focus groups were used to explore academic staff and student views on appropriate teaching and assessment methods for ES. Content statements were developed from an extensive literature search, mapped to curriculum subjects, and validated through consultation with students, discipline-experts and education-experts.Results: Five themes were identified from the focus groups: Environmental Sustainability transcends all disciplines of dentistry and oral healthcare; Baseline knowledge transmission with relevant practical application; Viewing and modifying existing teaching and assessment events through a different lens; Normalising the topic of Environmental Sustainability to support attitude and behaviour change and Safeguarding against misinformation and disinformation. Content statements were developed and mapped to 19 curriculum subjects.Conclusions: Environmental Sustainability is a challenging concept to incorporate in the OHP curriculum. This research explores key stakeholder opinion on strategies to embed ES in existing curricula. A novel method of defining and mapping evidence-based curriculum content to all curriculum subjects has been demonstrated. These statements can be directly applied to existing educational events by all educators as they see fit.Clinical Significance: Oral healthcare has a significant environmental impact, the key to all mitigation strategies is by educating the profession at all levels.

This data supports the publication in the Journal of Dentistry, January 2024.Article Title: The environmental consequences of oral healthcare provision by the dental teamObjectivesTo undertake a comparative ecological impact (Total lifetime carbon footprint and single use plastics (SUP) waste generation) derived from the provision of professional oral healthcare (Dentists and hygienist) to five different patient categories up to the age of 50 years, representative of different levels of progressive dental disease and treatment experience.MethodCO2e and SUP waste generated was calculated for five patient categories with common preventable diseases; that are representative of different levels of progressive dental disease and treatment experience. The assessment is based on the average restorative care levels for 50-year-olds in the UK. The number of appointments for each procedure was calculated using current evidence-based guidelines. The total lifetime carbon and the SUP waste analysis was calculated using published peer-reviewed data.ResultsThe total carbon footprint follows a progression with low impacts for individual persons with very low disease and treatment experience (285 KgCO2e), escalating to very high impacts (approximately 2,170 KgCO2e) for people with high levels of disease and treatment experience. SUP waste follows a similar linear rise across the different cohorts of dental experience over a lifetime (6-50 years), from 1382 items and 4.6 Kg for patients in a the very low dental experience, to 12,200 items and 33.8Kg for patients in the cohort of very high dental experience.ConclusionsThe provision of all oral healthcare carries an environmental impact in the form of carbon footprint and SUP waste. The cumulative lifetime environmental impact of oral healthcare is proportional to the disease and treatment experience of the individual person for these preventable diseases; with a x8 difference between the two extremes of experience.Clinical SignificanceAll forms of oral healthcare have an environmental impact.The most effective way to mitigate these impacts is through the promotion and provision of effective evidence-based preventive oral healthcare.

Datasets of relative fluorescence units obtained by spectrofluorometric analysis of filter paper samples and air samples from the environment in a dental clinical setting during simulated dental procedures in a mannequin. Fluorescein was used as a tracer, and an air-turbine or electric micromotor handpiece was used to perform a 10-minuite crown preparation on an upper incisor tooth. Medium volume suction was used concurrently. Datasets of particle counts, temperature, and relative humidity obtained using an optical particle counter under the same conditions. Micromotor handpieces were used at three speeds: 60,000 rpm (60K); 120,000 rpm (120K); and 200,000 rpm (200k). Air sampling and particle counting data were obtained at three distances from the source: 0.5 m; 1.5 m; 1.7 m. Full details of the project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103746

Datasets of relative fluorescence units obtained by spectrofluorometric analysis of filter paper samples and air samples from the environment in a dental clinical setting during simulated dental procedures in a mannequin. Fluorescein was used as a tracer, and an air-turbine or electric micromotor handpiece was used to perform a 10-minuite crown preparation on an upper incisor tooth. Medium volume suction was used concurrently. Datasets of particle counts, temperature, and relative humidity obtained using an optical particle counter under the same conditions. Micromotor handpieces were used at three speeds: 60,000 rpm (60K); 120,000 rpm (120K); and 200,000 rpm (200k). Air sampling and particle counting data were obtained at three distances from the source: 0.5 m; 1.5 m; 1.7 m. Full details of the project can be found at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103746