Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

Supplemental Material including location maps of field measurements, supporting evidence for devitrification textures, data of rock properties and vesicle sizes and shapes.

Supplementary Figure 3: Historic eruptions of Antuco volcano. A: Cummulative number of eruptions v/s year. B: Pie chart with VEI of historic eruptions.

Whole-rock analyses of Paisano Volcano igneous rocks and electron probe microanalyses of phenocryst and groundmass phases.

Pleiades-derived digital elevation model of the East Ziway volcanic field, Main Ethiopian Rift. See manuscript for methodology.

Data for: Timber-framed building damage from tephra fall and lahar: 2015 Calbuco eruption, Chile

Magnetotelluric transfer functions in Egbert format, processed directly from the time series measured in the field.

Data for: Methana Volcano, South Aegean Volcanic Arc Bulk-rock major and trace elemental compositions: Rock-powders were dehumidified (24h, 110˚C), devolatilized (2h, 850˚C) and fused at 1100˚C after mixing with a Lithium-Metaborate flux. The disks were analyzed for major elements with a PANalytical AXIOS wave-length dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF). The trace element analyses were performed on the same disks using laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). We used a 193 nm ArF-Excimer (Geolas) laser connected to a NexION 2000 ICP mass spectrometer. We ablated 3 points on each sample at a diameter of 100 μm for 40 seconds, with a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The 3 points were averaged for each sample. We used the SILLS data reduction software of Guillong et al. (2008), with NIST610 as a primary standard and the SiO2 content of each sample as internal standard. The basaltic andesite enclave data was acquired with a similar method by V. Dietrich in the 1980s’ and is integrated with the new dataset. For these particular analyses, a Philips PW 1404 sequential XRF spectrometer was used, at the Federal Institute for Material Testing in Dübendorf, Switzerland. Groundmass glass major elemental compositions: The compositions of the matrix glasses were obtained by using an EDS-calibrated JEOL JSM-6390 LA Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), equipped with a Thermo Fisher NORAN NSS7 EDS system with LaB6 filament, 30 mm2 silicon-drift detector and Faraday-cup for calibration. The main advantage of using this setup is the possibility of measuring compositions over wide areas (e.g. 50 μm diameter). This allows us to automatically average the microlite and interstitial glass compositions, which is paramount for estimating the pre-eruptive chemistry of the melts in lavas. Hence, we can automatically eliminate the late-stage differentiation effect of post-eruptive microlite crystallization. Mineral compositions: Amphibole, pyroxenes and plagioclase were analyzed with a JEOL JXA-8200 Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA) equipped with 5 spectrometers, using an energy of 15 kV and a 20 nA focused beam. The calibration was performed on mineral (crystalline) standards. We used a peak-background correction with measurement times varying between 20-40 s per peak. The calibration setup and measurement times were slightly different for plagioclase. For example, we preferred anorthite and albite standards for the calibration of major elements and we increased the measurement times up to 100 s per peak for the key trace elements (Fe, Mg, Ti). We acquired 9% of the plagioclase data with the calibrated SEM described earlier (using a focused beam), during microprobe downtime. The results are perfectly comparable with the EPMA dataset. All analyses were performed in the laboratories of ETH Zürich, unless otherwise stated.

This file contains the data and complete file structure to reproduce the results presented in the paper.

Dataset containing EPMA, SEM, LA-ICPMS and XRF results. Dataset also contains a supplementary text file with analytical details, additional information and figures (complementary to the main research article)

Supplementary Data Tables accompanying the article "Water-in-olivine magma ascent chronometry: Every crystal is a clock"; submitted to Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Authors: Megan E. Newcombe, Terry Plank, Anna Barth, Paul Asimow, Erik Hauri The following spreadsheets contain supplementary calculations and raw data. CONTENTS 1. Results tables: Table S1 (embayments fitting results); Table S2 (H-in-olivine fitting results); Table S3 (SIMS calibration coefficients); Table S4 (Measurements of olivine-melt partition coefficients). 2. Seguam embayments data 3. Raw and corrected electron microprobe data measured on olivines from the 1977 eruption of Seguam. Data are corrected based on analyses of San Carlos olivine as a secondary standard. 4. Raw and corrected electron microprobe data measured on olivines from the 1977 eruption of Seguam, the 1974 eruption of Fuego, and the 1959 eruption of Kilauea Iki. Data are corrected based on analyses of San Carlos olivine as a secondary standard. 5. Electron microprobe data measurements of San Carlos olivine, and correction factors used to correct the electron microprobe data in sheets 1 and 2. 6. Calibration data and calibration curves for secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) data collected in June 2016. 7. Calibration data and calibration curves for secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) data collected in March 2017, first half of session. 8. Calibration data and calibration curves for secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) data collected in March 2017, second half of session (following E-gun filament failure). 9. Assessment of SIMS blank, calculated using replicate analyses of "suprasil" silica glass containing <1 ppm H2O (all sessions). 10. Assessment of drift in SIMS measurements of H2O over the course of each session via replicate analyses of "herasil" silica glass. 11. 6f-SIMS data collected during June 2016 session 12. 6f-SIMS data collected during part I of March 2017 session 13. 6f-SIMS data collected during part II of March 2017 session (following E-gun filament failure) Sheets 14 onwards contain images and data for each individual olivine phenocryst.