Forensic Science International

Data on Port mortem interval (PMI) and partial body scores, promariuly provided to led the readers test the scripts in the supplmentary material. "Traning.data.raw.csv" is the data used to train the models using the supplementd scripts. External.caes.raw.csv are the 8 unseen cases used in evaluation and "Fictive.case.raw.csv" is the fictive case used in the working examples. The file "training data raw" contains the same cases as those desribed in "Quantifying human decomposition in an indoor setting and implications for postmortem interval estimation. Ceciliason AS, Andersson MG, Lindström A, Sandler H. Forensic Sci Int. 2018 Feb;283:180-189. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.026. Epub 2017 Dec 20. PMID: 29306148" but with additional informaion on highest and lowest possible values for PMI supplemented with information on highest and lowest possible PMI.

SEM images of calico

Size measurements of stamp impressions

Falls are a significant cause of injury-associated deaths. In cases where the events leading up to a fall are unclear, a forensic investigation may be required to uncover the cause. During the forensic reconstruction process, tools for objective scenario-evaluation are needed. Computer simulations appear to be a promising tool for fall reconstruction, being cheaper in terms of both money and time than the alternative of physical scenario-reconstruction. Although software packages intended for modelling the kinetics and kinematics of the human body exist, none were found that were validated specifically for fall-reconstruction. The aim of the current study was to validate the performance of human body modelling software Madymo, intended for use in car-crash simulations, in reconstructing human falling movements. This was achieved by first performing experiments in which the kinematics and kinetics of participants were recorded during falls from a short height. Next, the initial conditions taken from the experimentally recorded falls were used as input to run corresponding simulations using Madymo. Finally, the results from the simulated falls were compared to those from the real falls, based on the posture just before landing. Our results suggest that Madymo is currently not yet suitable for use in reconstructing real human falls, and is therefore not yet fit for application in forensic investigations into falls. This dataset provides all registered video, motion capture suit, simulations, data-processing code and processed data of this project.

Falls are a significant cause of injury-associated deaths. In cases where the events leading up to a fall are unclear, a forensic investigation may be required to uncover the cause. During the forensic reconstruction process, tools for objective scenario-evaluation are needed. Computer simulations appear to be a promising tool for fall reconstruction, being cheaper in terms of both money and time than the alternative of physical scenario-reconstruction. Although software packages intended for modelling the kinetics and kinematics of the human body exist, none were found that were validated specifically for fall-reconstruction. The aim of the current study was to validate the performance of human body modelling software Madymo, intended for use in car-crash simulations, in reconstructing human falling movements. This was achieved by first performing experiments in which the kinematics and kinetics of participants were recorded during falls from a short height. Next, the initial conditions taken from the experimentally recorded falls were used as input to run corresponding simulations using Madymo. Finally, the results from the simulated falls were compared to those from the real falls, based on the posture just before landing. Our results suggest that Madymo is currently not yet suitable for use in reconstructing real human falls, and is therefore not yet fit for application in forensic investigations into falls. This dataset provides all registered video, motion capture suit, simulations, data-processing code and processed data of this project.

In the forensic investigation of questioned documents, it is often very important to know the deposition order of ink traces from two different writing tools at their intersection on a paper. In the present work, intersections of inks from several writing tools were studied using optical techniques that are standardly applied for questioned documents examination in a forensic laboratory, and an accelerator-based Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) technique called Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry using MeV ions (MeV SIMS) that is applied in an accelerator facility. MeV SIMS provides molecular information about the studied inks from writing tools, which is an added value and can be also applied for the determination of deposition order but was so far relatively rarely used in forensic studies. Aim of this paper is to compare performance of optical techniques and MeV SIMS for several combinations of intersecting lines. Cases were divided into those in which optical techniques can distinguish used inks and those which are optically completely indistinguishable. In the latter cases, we show that although mass spectra of used inks (from blue ballpoint pens) had extremely small differences, these in combination with advanced and most importantly objective multivariate algorithms could be very beneficial in resolving the deposition order at the intersection of optically indistinguishable inks. In general, MeV SIMS proved to be more efficient for oil-based inks while difficulties were encountered with water-based ones, similar to optical methods.

Related Article: Jacek E. Nycz, Tadeusz Pazdziorek, Grzegorz Malecki, Marcin Szala|2016|Forensic Science International|266|416|doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.034

Related Article: Jacek E. Nycz, Tadeusz Pazdziorek, Grzegorz Malecki, Marcin Szala|2016|Forensic Science International|266|416|doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.034

Related Article: Jacek E. Nycz, Tadeusz Pazdziorek, Grzegorz Malecki, Marcin Szala|2016|Forensic Science International|266|416|doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.034

Related Article: Damian Trzybiński, Paweł Niedziałkowski, Tadeusz Ossowski, Anna Trynda, Artur Sikorski|2013|Forensic Science International|232|e28|doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.07.012