Gondwana Research

Details of U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic composition measurements of analyzed Arequipa basin sedimentary rocks

Supplementary dataset regarding U-Pb and Hf isotopic composition of analyzed zircons

Table S1. Zircon U-Pb dating results of clastic sedimentary rocks from the Huili Group. Table S2. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data of clastic sedimentary rocks from the Huili Group.

Coyhaique mantle xenoliths: whole-rock and mineral major and trace elementdata, Sr-Nd whole-rock and clinopyroxene isotopic data, and whole-rock noble gas (He, Ne, Ar) isotopic data.

3.1 Electron probe microanalysis of minerals The mineral compositions for the supracrustal rocks and the garnetbearing granite were analysed by using an electron microprobe at the Key Laboratory of Orogen and Crustal Evolution of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China, using operating conditions of 5 kv accelerating voltage, 1 × 10–8 A beam current, and 1 μm spot diameter. For calibration, 53 standard samples of well-defined natural minerals (SPI Supplies, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA) were used. The results are presented in SupplementaryTables 1 to 5. 3.2 Whole-rock geochemistry The major-element compositions of the minerals were measured using an Axios X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer at the China National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing, China. Trace-element analysis was conducted using an Elan 9000 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP–MS; PerkinElmer, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) with better than 10% accuracy of analysis. The major and trace element compositions and analytical precisions for each element are given in Supplementary Table 6. 3.3 Zircon U–Pb dating Zircon crystals were obtained using standard crushing and separation techniques, and U–Pb dating was conductedusing the SIMS II ion microprobe at the Beijing SIMS Center, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS). The hand-picked crystals together with the TEMORA standard, having a conventionally determined 206Pb/238U age of 417 Ma (Black et al., 2003), were cast in epoxy resin discs and were polished. All grains were photographed in both transmitted and reflected light and were then imaged using cathodoluminescence (CL) to reveal the internal structure and to identify the preferred locations for SIMS analysis. The U–Pb dating information is given in Supplementary Table 7.

Detailed geochronological and geochemical analyses on 1.72-1.50 Ga mafic rocks in the Huili-Dongchuan area of southwestern Yangtze Block, South China

Supplementary Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb data for Cambrian intrusive rocks along the southern margin of North Qilian suture zone. Supplementary Table 2. SIMS zircon U-Pb data for Zhamashi gabbro. Supplementary Table 3. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data for Cambrian intrusive rocks along the southern margin of North Qilian suture zone. Supplementary Table 4. Whole-rock major (wt.%) and trace element (ppm) data for Cambrian intrusive rocks along the southern margin of North Qilian suture zone. Supplementary Table 5. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions for Cambrian intrusive rocks along the southern margin of North Qilian suture zone.

New geochronological and geochemical data for Late Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic igneous rocks from NW Iran define major regional magmatic episodes and track the birth and growth of one of the Cimmerian microcontinents: the Persian block. After the final accretion of the Gondwanan terranes, the subduction of the Prototethyan Ocean beneath NW Gondwana during the Late Neoproterozoic was the trigger for high magmatic fluxes and the emplacement of isotopically diverse arc-related intrusions in NW Gondwana. The Late Neoproterozoic rocks of NW Iran belong to this magmatic event which includes intrusions with highly variable εHf(t) values. This magmatism continued until a magmatic lull during the Ordovician, which led to the erosion of the Neoproterozoic arc, and then was followed by a rifting event which controlled the opening of Paleotethys. An additional, prolonged pulse of rift magmatism in Persia lasted from Devonian-Carboniferous to Early Permian time. These magmatic events are geographically restricted and are mostly recorded from NW Iran, although there is some evidence for these magmatic events in other segments of Iran. The Jurassic rocks of NW Iran are interpreted to be the along-strike equivalents of a Mesozoic magmatic belt (the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone; SaSZ) toward the NW. Magmatic rocks from the SaSZ show pulsed magmatism, with high-flux events at both ∼176-160 Ma and ~130 Ma. The SaSZ magmatic rocks show both arc- and plume-related geochemical signatures. The plume-related signature of less-contaminated melts is manifested by high εHf(t) values, with peaks at +0.6 and +11.2. All these magmatic pulses led to pre-Cimmerian continental growth and reworking during the Late Neoproterozoic, rifting and detachment of the Cimmerian blocks from Gondwana in Mid-Late Paleozoic time and further crustal growth and reworking of Cimmeria during the Mesozoic.

U-Pb, Lu-Hf and petrological data.

Dimensions and ratios of Parabadiella cf. huoi and Eoobolus incipientium sp. nov. from the Cambrian Stage 3.