Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

The data files contain the results deduced from our method by eastern stations and global stations on the 4-8 October 2000, 25-28 October 2007 and 7-11 November 2004 storms. The data files also contain the storm indices deduced from our method by three local stations and six global stations prior to 1957.

Data of Fig. 1-4 for this study.

Relationship between lightning and solar activity for recorded between CE 1392-1877 in Korea (Korean historical records) File Summary ---------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName | Records | Explanation ---------------------------------------------------------------------- historical_data.dat 1,013 Records of observing lightning ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Description of file : historical_data.dat ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes | Format | Label | Explanations ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-4 i4 Nm Sequence Number of Records 6-9 i4 YYYY The year of solar date 11-12 i2 MM The month of solar date 14-15 i2 dd The day of solar date 16-17 a2 Word Keywords ----------------------------------------------------------------------

graph.R is the main R source file for this work, with comments on how to amend variables at the top to get results for different tables. Simply sourcing it prints out various statistics and plots a graph. It sources the other two .R files, which deal with the calculation of tail areas for the Durbin-Watson statistic. It also reads in the 5 .txt files which contain the data which are analyzed.

The derived output data as described in Section 2.2, from the 309,260 RO profiles. 1st Column: Year.Day; 2nd to 7th Column: the geographical longitude (in degree), latitude (in degree), altitude (km), temperature (Celsius degree), atmospheric pressure (mb), water vapor pressure (mb) of the LRM; the 8th to 13th Column: the geographical longitude (in degree), latitude (in degree), altitude (km), temperature (Celsius degree), atmospheric pressure (mb), water vapor pressure (mb) of the CPT; the 14th column: the corresponding default file name of the RO profile from the original data source of TACC, indicated in Acknowledgments. The information from 1st to 13th columns are acquired/derived from the data file with this default name.

Data to reproduce the figures in publication.

Data to reproduce the figures in the publication.

For the 2007 to 2014 period, we use a statistical approach to evaluate the performance of Tsyganenko and Sitnov [2005, doi:10.1029/2004JA010798] semi-empirical model (TS05) in estimating the magnetospheric transient signal observed at four Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude ground stations: Coimbra, Portugal; Panagyurishte, Bulgary; Novosibirsk, Russia and Boulder, USA. We find that the TS05 performance is clearly better for the X (North-South) than for the Y (East-West) field components and for more geomagnetically active days as determined by local K-indices. For ~ 50% (X) and ~ 30% (Y) of the total number of geomagnetically active days, correlation values yield r > 0.7. During more quiet conditions, only ~30% (X) and ~15% (Y) of the number of analysed days yield r > 0.7. We compute separate contributions from different magnetospheric currents to data time variability and to signal magnitude. During more active days, all Tail, Symmetric Ring and Partial Ring currents contribute to the time variability of X while the Partial Ring and Field Aligned currents contribute most to the time variability of Y. The Tail and Symmetric Ring currents are main contributors to the magnitude of X. In the best case estimations when r > 0.7, remaining differences between observations and TS05 predictions could be explained by global induction in the Earth's upper layers and crustal magnetization. The closing of Field Aligned currents through the Earth's center in the TS05 model seems to be mainly affecting the Y magnetospheric field predictions.