A Novel Nomogram for Predicting Endometrial Malignancy in Postmenopausal Women
Description
Postmenopausal women who underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy at Beijing Daxing District People’s Hospital between August 2019 and July 2024 were enrolled in our retrospective study. Beijing Daxing District People's Hospital is a tertiary care center with a high volume of endometrial cancer cases, whose study population reflects the demographic and clinical characteristics typically seen in this region. Inclusion criteria required: 1) documented transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) measurements of endometrial thickness within 4 weeks prior to procedure; 2) successful hysteroscopy biopsy or lesion excision; 3) pathological confirmation by institutional pathologists; and 4) complete clinical documentation. Exclusion criteria comprised incomplete data, type II endometrial carcinoma, mixed endocrine-reproductive tumors, and conditions mandating hysteroscopy (e.g., submucosal fibroids or polyps). The final study cohort comprised 1,146 participants who were stratified histopathologically into two distinct groups: those with benign endometrial conditions including normal endometrium, hyperplasia, polyps, fibroids, adenofibromas, or endometritis, and those with malignant pathology encompassing atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) or endometrial carcinoma, reflecting the recognized pathological spectrum from benign hyperplasia to malignant transformation.