A novel interpretation links the subatomic particles' mass to the square of the magnetic flux quantum.
Description
The motivation for investigating the issues presented in this article stemmed from a discovery that resulted from using the magnetic flux quantum that combine the Planck's constant and the Elementary charge, and combining them in the mathematical expression of Coulomb's law. The new relationship yields a novel theoretical finding that indicates that the mass of the electron is associated with the magnitude of the square of the magnetic flux quantum which makes up the particle. It reveils also a novel significance of the vacuum permittivity constant (in SI units), which also relies on a result from a different prespective demonstrated in this article through an analogy to the kinetic theory of gases. It shows that the vacuum permittivity constant is associated with the Bohr radius and it is about sixth of it. Using the concept of the nucleus motion around the center of mass shared with the electron in the Hydrogen atom, along with defineing the orbital angular momentum of the proton at the trajectory around the center of mass, resulted in finding the velocity of the proton at this trajectory. This velocity divided by the speed of light in vaccum, yields a new physical constant. The new constant and the fine structure constant are combined together along with the square of the magnetic flux quantum in most of the equations that yield results for the proton and neutron masses and their radii. Another aspect that is presented in a briefly way demonstrates the connection between the square of the magnetic flux quantum through the Bohr radius that provides a novel significance of the wave function in the atom. The theory presented in this article deal with the magnitudes of Universal Constants in physics. The theory presents the use of the combination of the magnetic flux quantum constant with using Universal Constants from different fields (Eelectromagnetic, Gravitation and Nuclear) and finding new relations through them that have not yet been reflected in the knowledge available today. The formalism developed in this article introduces a relationship between the masses of the electron, proton, and neutron to the square of the magnetic flux quantum. The theory presented here calculates the electron, proton, and neutron masses in a new straightforward nearly identical formulas, whose their main component is the square of the magnetic flux quantum; Another formalism yields the proton's and the neutron's radii in a newly approach. It involves the using of Natural Units constants such as Stoney and Planck's masses and the universal Gravitational Constant, which yield a new constant unfamiliar to science. With using this new constant, we obtain the proton's and the neutron's radii, and through them we calculate their Compton wavelength constants which are used to calculate their masses later. The theory also presents a novel way to describe the Planck's Mass and Length, and the Gravitation Constant through them.