Periplaneta americana (L.) extract alleviates the disease progression of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting the expression of NMDAR in nerve cells

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. This study builds on the group's previous findings that Periplaneta americana (L.) extract (PAS840) provide protection against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury to PC12 cells. This study uses network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to analyze the substance basis of PAS840 and predict its effects on AD targets. It then combines in vitro experiments to detect the effects of PAS840 on intracellular Ca2+ levels, cellular SOD, MDA, ROS levels, cell apoptosis rate, and MMP levels in Glutamic acid (Glu) injured cells. It also uses q-PCR and Western blot to detect the expression of NMDAR1, Cytc, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 in damaged cells. This study shows that PAS840 can act on multiple targets of AD and effectively reduce the activity of NMDAR receptors, resisting the excessive activation of NMDAR1 and preventing excessive intracellular Ca2+ influx, reducing cell damage, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation, and improving cell viability, thereby achieving a therapeutic effect in slowing down the AD disease progression. This study provides a new therapeutic approach for the application of PAS840 in neurological disease treatment.

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